Ocular Disease and Pathology Flashcards
6 cards from real AOA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Ocular Disease and Pathology flashcards as text
What is the primary mechanism of damage in glaucoma?
Answer: Retinal ganglion cell apoptosis
Glaucoma fundamentally involves progressive apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells and their axons forming the optic nerve, leading to visual field loss.
Which ocular finding is pathognomonic for ocular hypertension secondary to pseudoexfoliation syndrome?
Answer: Flaky white material on the lens capsule
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is characterized by dandruff-like fibrillar material deposited on the anterior lens capsule and other anterior segment structures.
A branch retinal artery occlusion most commonly appears on fundoscopy as:
Answer: A wedge-shaped area of retinal whitening
Branch retinal artery occlusion causes acute ischemic edema appearing as a wedge of opaque, whitened (infarcted) retina in the distribution of the occluded vessel.
Retinitis pigmentosa classically causes which pattern of visual field loss?
Answer: Ring scotoma with peripheral constriction
RP causes progressive degeneration of peripheral rods first, producing ring scotomas that expand to cause tunnel vision over time.
Which choroidal tumor appears as an orange-red elevated lesion on fundoscopy and is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults?
Answer: Uveal melanoma
Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults and typically appears as a pigmented choroidal mass.
The 'sunset glow fundus' appearance is classically associated with which condition?
Answer: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
VKH syndrome causes bilateral granulomatous panuveitis with depigmentation of the choroid, producing the characteristic orange-red 'sunset glow' fundus appearance.