Anatomy Exam General Anatomy 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which membrane lines the inner surface of fibrous joint capsules and secretes synovial fluid?
- Periosteum
- Synovial membrane (Correct answer)
- Articular cartilage
- Fibrous capsule
Correct answer: Synovial membrane
The synovial membrane lines the inner surface of synovial joint capsules and secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and nourishes articular cartilage.
Question 2: A coronal (frontal) plane divides the body into which two sections?
- Superior and inferior
- Left and right
- Anterior and posterior (Correct answer)
- Medial and lateral
Correct answer: Anterior and posterior
A coronal (frontal) plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
Question 3: Which type of muscle tissue is both striated and involuntary?
- Skeletal muscle
- Smooth muscle
- Cardiac muscle (Correct answer)
- Visceral muscle
Correct answer: Cardiac muscle
Cardiac muscle is striated (has repeating sarcomere units like skeletal muscle) but is involuntary, controlled by the autonomic nervous system and intrinsic pacemakers.
Question 4: What is the name of the fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between tendons and bones near joints?
- Tendon sheaths
- Bursae (Correct answer)
- Menisci
- Labra
Correct answer: Bursae
Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs lined with synovial membrane that cushion and reduce friction between tendons, bones, and skin near joints.
Question 5: The axial skeleton consists of which bones?
- Limb bones and pectoral girdle
- Skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage (Correct answer)
- Pelvic girdle and lower limbs
- Upper limbs and shoulder girdle
Correct answer: Skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage
The axial skeleton forms the central axis of the body and consists of the skull, vertebral column (spine), and thoracic cage (ribs and sternum).
Question 6: Which term describes the decrease in angle between two bones at a joint?
- Extension
- Flexion (Correct answer)
- Rotation
- Elevation
Correct answer: Flexion
Flexion is the movement that decreases the angle between two bones, such as bending the knee or elbow.
Question 7: What is the name of the connective tissue sheath that surrounds individual nerve fibers?
- Epineurium
- Perineurium
- Endoneurium (Correct answer)
- Myelin sheath
Correct answer: Endoneurium
The endoneurium is the innermost connective tissue layer that surrounds each individual nerve fiber (axon) within a peripheral nerve.
Anatomy Exam General Anatomy 5
Which membrane lines the inner surface of fibrous joint capsules and secretes synovial fluid?