Analogy Professional Ethics & Standards 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A conflict of interest is to recusal as bias is to ___.
- disclosure (Correct answer)
- enforcement
- promotion
- recruitment
Correct answer: disclosure
When a conflict of interest exists, recusal is appropriate; when bias is present, disclosure is the ethical obligation.
Question 2: Licensure is to a doctor as certification is to ___.
- an accountant (Correct answer)
- a novelist
- a gardener
- a hobbyist
Correct answer: an accountant
Doctors require licensure to practice medicine, just as accountants require certification (e.g., CPA) to practice public accounting.
Question 3: Accountability is to responsibility as transparency is to ___.
- openness (Correct answer)
- secrecy
- authority
- efficiency
Correct answer: openness
Accountability is the outcome of being responsible, and transparency is the practice of operating with openness.
Question 4: Malpractice is to a physician as misconduct is to ___.
- an attorney (Correct answer)
- a student
- a consumer
- a supplier
Correct answer: an attorney
Malpractice refers to professional failure by a physician, and misconduct refers to professional failure by an attorney.
Question 5: Pro bono service is to a lawyer as volunteer work is to ___.
- a nonprofit worker (Correct answer)
- a contractor
- a lobbyist
- a vendor
Correct answer: a nonprofit worker
Pro bono legal service is unpaid professional work for public benefit, just as volunteer work is unpaid service for public benefit.
Question 6: Fiduciary duty is to a trustee as loyalty is to ___.
- an employee (Correct answer)
- a competitor
- a regulator
- an auditor
Correct answer: an employee
A trustee's fiduciary duty requires prioritizing beneficiaries' interests, just as loyalty requires an employee to prioritize their employer's legitimate interests.
Question 7: Censure is to a professional organization as a reprimand is to ___.
- an employer (Correct answer)
- a client
- a competitor
- a supplier
Correct answer: an employer
A professional organization issues censure as formal discipline, just as an employer issues a reprimand as formal workplace discipline.
Analogy Professional Ethics & Standards 3
A conflict of interest is to recusal as bias is to ___.