AMLS Cardiac Emergencies 3

Question 1

Which electrolyte abnormality can cause a prolonged QT interval and increase the risk of Torsades de Pointes?

Accepted Answer

Hypomagnesemia

Answer

Hypernatremia

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Question 2

A patient in acute heart failure presents with severe dyspnea, pink frothy sputum, and SpO2 of 82%. What is the priority airway intervention?

Accepted Answer

CPAP or BiPAP non-invasive ventilation

Answer

Immediate intubation

Answer

Supplemental O2 via nasal cannula

Answer

High-flow O2 via simple mask

Question 3

What is the significance of a right-sided ECG lead V4R showing ST elevation in the context of inferior STEMI?

Accepted Answer

Indicates concurrent right ventricular infarction

Answer

Confirms left anterior descending artery occlusion

Answer

Rules out posterior wall involvement

Answer

Suggests pericarditis

Question 4

In a patient with suspected right ventricular infarction, which medication should be avoided?

Accepted Answer

Nitroglycerin

Answer

Aspirin

Answer

Heparin

Answer

Oxygen

Question 5

A patient presents with a regular narrow-complex tachycardia at 160 bpm. Vagal maneuvers fail. What is the next pharmacologic step?

Accepted Answer

Adenosine 6 mg rapid IV push

Answer

Amiodarone 150 mg over 10 minutes

Answer

Metoprolol 5 mg IV

Answer

Diltiazem 20 mg IV

Question 6

Which parameter best estimates left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and guides fluid management in heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)

Answer

Central venous pressure (CVP)

Answer

Mean arterial pressure (MAP)

Answer

Pulse pressure variation