AML Data Analysis & Reporting 3

Question 1

What is the purpose of a Q-Q (quantile-quantile) plot in data analysis?

Accepted Answer

Assessing whether data follows a theoretical distribution

Answer

A Q-Q plot compares the quantiles of sample data against a theoretical distribution (e.g., normal) to assess distributional fit.

Question 2

In reporting model performance for an imbalanced dataset (95% negative class), which metric is most informative?

Accepted Answer

Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC-ROC)

Answer

AUC-ROC evaluates discrimination ability across all thresholds and is robust to class imbalance, unlike accuracy which can be misleadingly high.

Question 3

What does a Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) greater than 10 indicate?

Accepted Answer

Severe multicollinearity in that predictor

Answer

VIF > 10 is a common threshold indicating severe multicollinearity, meaning the predictor is nearly a linear combination of others.

Question 4

Which statistical test is used to determine whether two independent samples have the same mean?

Accepted Answer

Independent samples t-test

Answer

The independent samples t-test compares means of two unrelated groups to determine if they differ significantly.

Question 5

A scatter plot shows a fan-shaped pattern in model residuals vs. fitted values. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Heteroscedasticity

Answer

A fan-shaped residual pattern indicates heteroscedasticity, meaning residual variance increases with fitted values, violating OLS assumptions.

(AML) Advanced Machine Learning Certification Practice Test