American Meteorological Society Certification Synoptic Meteorology 3

Question 1

What is the MSLP (Mean Sea Level Pressure) standard value for a typical atmospheric surface?

Accepted Answer

1013.25 hPa

Answer

The standard mean sea level pressure is 1013.25 hPa (or approximately 29.92 inches of mercury).

Question 2

During rapid cyclogenesis (bombogenesis), how much must surface pressure drop in 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

At least 24 hPa in 24 hours (latitude-corrected)

Answer

Bombogenesis is defined as a surface low deepening by at least 1 Bergeron (24 hPa/24 hrs adjusted to 60°N) in 24 hours.

Question 3

What is the primary source of energy for extratropical cyclones?

Accepted Answer

Baroclinic instability from horizontal temperature gradients

Answer

Extratropical cyclones derive their energy primarily from baroclinic instability, converting available potential energy from horizontal temperature contrasts.

Question 4

A zonal flow pattern in the mid-latitudes is characterized by what?

Accepted Answer

Predominantly west-to-east flow with weak amplitude

Answer

Zonal flow features nearly west-to-east jet stream with weak ridges and troughs, typically associated with milder, less extreme weather.

Question 5

What is Q-vector divergence used to diagnose in synoptic meteorology?

Accepted Answer

Vertical motion without computing vorticity separately

Answer

Q-vector divergence provides a direct measure of synoptic-scale vertical motion without separating vorticity and thermal advection terms.

American Meteorological Society Certification Practice Test

American Meteorological Society Certification Practice Test

American Meteorological Society Certification Synoptic Meteorology 3