Pediatric Dermatology Flashcards

A child presents with a port-wine stain in the V1 trigeminal distribution. Which syndrome should be evaluated for with neuroimaging?

Answer: Sturge-Weber syndrome

A V1-distribution port-wine stain raises concern for Sturge-Weber syndrome with leptomeningeal angiomatosis and glaucoma.

An adolescent presents with comedones, inflammatory papules, and pustules on the face. What is the first-line topical agent for comedonal acne?

Answer: Topical retinoid

Topical retinoids are first-line for comedonal acne as they normalize follicular keratinization.

A child develops sharply demarcated perianal erythema with painful defecation and no systemic symptoms. What is the likely diagnosis?

Answer: Perianal streptococcal dermatitis

Perianal streptococcal dermatitis presents as bright, well-demarcated perianal erythema caused by group A Streptococcus.

A 3-year-old has scaly annular scalp patches with hair loss and black dots. What is the preferred treatment?

Answer: Oral griseofulvin

Tinea capitis requires systemic antifungal therapy such as oral griseofulvin because topical agents cannot penetrate the hair follicle.

A newborn with a large plaque-type congenital melanocytic nevus over the back is at increased risk for which condition?

Answer: Neurocutaneous melanosis

Large/giant congenital melanocytic nevi carry a risk of neurocutaneous melanosis and melanoma.

An infant presents with well-demarcated erythema in the inguinal folds with satellite pustules. What is the most likely cause?

Answer: Candida albicans

Candidal diaper dermatitis characteristically involves the skin folds with satellite pustules, unlike irritant dermatitis which spares folds.

A child with severe recurrent blistering from minor trauma since birth has a family history of similar disease. What category of disorder should be suspected?

Answer: Epidermolysis bullosa

Inherited epidermolysis bullosa causes mechanically induced blistering from birth due to structural protein defects.