AMCAT Computer Networks 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which protocol operates at the Network Layer and is used to report errors and send diagnostic messages?
- TCP
- UDP
- ICMP (Correct answer)
- FTP
Correct answer: ICMP
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) operates at the Network Layer and is used by tools like ping and traceroute to report errors and network diagnostics.
Question 2: What is the purpose of the three-way handshake in TCP?
- To encrypt data before transmission
- To establish a reliable connection between client and server (Correct answer)
- To fragment large packets for transmission
- To assign IP addresses dynamically
Correct answer: To establish a reliable connection between client and server
The TCP three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK) establishes a reliable, synchronized connection between a client and server before data transfer.
Question 3: Which layer of the OSI model handles MAC addresses and controls access to the physical medium?
- Physical Layer
- Network Layer
- Data Link Layer (Correct answer)
- Transport Layer
Correct answer: Data Link Layer
The Data Link Layer (Layer 2) uses MAC addresses to transfer frames between adjacent nodes and controls access to the shared physical medium.
Question 4: What is the default port number for HTTPS?
- 80
- 21
- 443 (Correct answer)
- 8080
Correct answer: 443
HTTPS (HTTP Secure) uses port 443 by default, providing encrypted communication over TLS/SSL.
Question 5: Which routing protocol uses the Bellman-Ford algorithm to calculate the shortest path?
- OSPF
- BGP
- RIP (Correct answer)
- IS-IS
Correct answer: RIP
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) uses the Bellman-Ford distance-vector algorithm to calculate routes, with hop count as its metric.
Question 6: In IPv4, what is the size of an IP address in bits?
- 16 bits
- 32 bits (Correct answer)
- 64 bits
- 128 bits
Correct answer: 32 bits
IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long, typically written as four octets in dotted-decimal notation (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
Question 7: Which device operates at all seven layers of the OSI model and is used to connect networks with different protocols?
- Switch
- Hub
- Router
- Gateway (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Gateway
A gateway operates at all seven OSI layers and translates between different network architectures or protocols, such as connecting an IP network to an X.25 network.
AMCAT Computer Networks 2
Which protocol operates at the Network Layer and is used to report errors and send diagnostic messages?