AMCA Anatomy Basics 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the name of the fibrous sac that encloses and protects the heart?
- Pleura
- Peritoneum
- Pericardium (Correct answer)
- Epicardium
Correct answer: Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled fibroserous sac surrounding the heart that reduces friction during cardiac contractions.
Question 2: Which region of the vertebral column has the greatest degree of mobility?
- Thoracic
- Lumbar
- Sacral
- Cervical (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Cervical
The cervical region has the greatest range of motion, allowing flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the head.
Question 3: Adipose tissue primarily functions as:
- A site of hormone synthesis only
- Structural support for organs
- Energy storage and insulation (Correct answer)
- Oxygen transport
Correct answer: Energy storage and insulation
Adipose tissue stores triglycerides for energy, insulates the body, and cushions organs.
Question 4: The anatomical position requires the palms to be facing:
- Posteriorly (backward)
- Inferiorly (downward)
- Anteriorly (forward) (Correct answer)
- Medially (inward)
Correct answer: Anteriorly (forward)
In the standard anatomical position, the body stands upright with palms facing anteriorly (forward) and thumbs pointing laterally.
Question 5: Which bone is commonly referred to as the 'kneecap'?
- Fibula
- Tibia
- Patella (Correct answer)
- Talus
Correct answer: Patella
The patella is a sesamoid bone embedded in the quadriceps tendon that protects the knee joint and improves leverage.
Question 6: The study of the body's structural organization at the chemical and cellular level is called:
- Gross anatomy
- Regional anatomy
- Microscopic anatomy (Correct answer)
- Surface anatomy
Correct answer: Microscopic anatomy
Microscopic anatomy (histology) examines structures too small to see with the naked eye, including cells and tissues.
Question 7: Which muscle is the primary flexor of the forearm at the elbow?
- Triceps brachii
- Deltoid
- Biceps brachii (Correct answer)
- Brachioradialis
Correct answer: Biceps brachii
The biceps brachii is the prime mover (agonist) for forearm flexion, acting most powerfully when the forearm is supinated.
AMCA Anatomy Basics 3
What is the name of the fibrous sac that encloses and protects the heart?