Anatomy Basics Flashcards

Which term describes the movement of a body part away from the midline?

Answer: Abduction

Abduction moves a limb away from the midline, while adduction moves it toward the midline.

The periosteum is the connective tissue covering found on the outer surface of:

Answer: Bone

The periosteum is a dense fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of bones (except at articular surfaces) and contains bone-forming cells.

A patient's chart notes a wound on the 'dorsal' aspect of the hand. This means the wound is on the:

Answer: Back of the hand

Dorsal refers to the posterior/back surface; on the hand this is the back of the hand (opposite the palm).

Which neuroglia cell type produces myelin in the central nervous system?

Answer: Oligodendrocytes

Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons in the CNS, while Schwann cells perform this function in the peripheral nervous system.

The term for the movement that decreases the angle between two body parts is:

Answer: Flexion

Flexion decreases the angle at a joint (e.g., bending the elbow), while extension increases it.

Which of the four primary tissue types is responsible for covering body surfaces and lining organs?

Answer: Epithelial tissue

Epithelial tissue covers external body surfaces, lines internal cavities, and forms glands.

The human body has how many pairs of ribs?

Answer: 12 pairs

The human thoracic cage contains 12 pairs of ribs; the first 7 are true ribs, pairs 8-10 are false ribs, and pairs 11-12 are floating ribs.