Ambulatory Care Test Ambulatory Care Chronic Disease Management 4

Question 1

Which SGLT2 inhibitor has FDA approval for reducing the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Empagliflozin

Answer

Empagliflozin (and other SGLT2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin) have demonstrated significant reductions in heart failure hospitalization and are FDA-approved for this indication.

Question 2

A patient with CKD stage 4 has a hemoglobin of 9.8 g/dL with low reticulocyte count and normal iron stores. The MOST likely cause is:

Accepted Answer

Anemia of chronic kidney disease (erythropoietin deficiency)

Answer

CKD-associated anemia is primarily caused by insufficient erythropoietin production by damaged kidneys, resulting in normocytic, normochromic anemia with low reticulocyte count.

Question 3

Which class of antihypertensive is CONTRAINDICATED in a patient with bilateral renal artery stenosis?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

ACE inhibitors (and ARBs) are contraindicated in bilateral renal artery stenosis because they block the compensatory efferent arteriole constriction, causing a precipitous drop in GFR.

Question 4

A patient with gout has a serum uric acid of 9.8 mg/dL and two flares in the past year. After flare resolution, which urate-lowering therapy is FIRST-LINE?

Accepted Answer

Allopurinol

Answer

Allopurinol is the first-line urate-lowering therapy for chronic gout management; it is initiated after acute flare resolution to avoid prolonging the acute attack.

Question 5

Which finding on a diabetic foot exam indicates the HIGHEST risk for future ulceration and amputation?

Accepted Answer

Loss of protective sensation to 10-g monofilament

Answer

Loss of protective sensation detected by 10-g monofilament testing is the strongest independent predictor of diabetic foot ulceration and subsequent amputation.

Ambulatory Care Test Practice Test

Ambulatory Care Test Practice Test

Ambulatory Care Test Ambulatory Care Chronic Disease Management 4