Ambulatory Care Chronic Disease Management Flashcards
7 cards from real Ambulatory Care Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Ambulatory Care Chronic Disease Management flashcards as text
A 65-year-old with osteoporosis is prescribed alendronate. Which instruction is MOST critical to prevent esophageal injury?
Answer: Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking
Bisphosphonates like alendronate must be taken with a full glass of water and the patient must remain upright for at least 30 minutes to prevent esophageal irritation or ulceration.
Which of the following is considered a macrovascular complication of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes?
Answer: Coronary artery disease
Coronary artery disease is a macrovascular complication of diabetes, while retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy are microvascular complications.
A patient with stable COPD has an FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.58 and FEV1 of 52% predicted. According to GOLD staging, this patient is classified as:
Answer: GOLD 2 (Moderate)
GOLD stage 2 (Moderate) is defined by FEV1 50-79% predicted with confirmed airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 0.70).
Which medication used in chronic heart failure management is classified as an ARNI (angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor)?
Answer: Sacubitril/valsartan
Sacubitril/valsartan (Entresto) is the only approved ARNI, combining neprilysin inhibition with angiotensin receptor blockade and is preferred over ACE inhibitors in HFrEF.
A patient with hypothyroidism has a TSH of 8.2 mIU/L on levothyroxine 75 mcg daily. The MOST appropriate action is:
Answer: Increase the levothyroxine dose
An elevated TSH indicates under-replacement; increasing the levothyroxine dose is the appropriate response to normalize TSH.
Which lifestyle intervention has the STRONGEST evidence for reducing LDL cholesterol in patients with hyperlipidemia?
Answer: Reducing saturated fat intake
Reducing saturated fat intake has the strongest dietary evidence for lowering LDL cholesterol, as saturated fats upregulate LDL receptor activity reduction.
A patient with asthma uses an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) daily. Which technique error MOST commonly reduces ICS effectiveness?
Answer: Using the inhaler without a spacer
Using a metered-dose inhaler without a spacer significantly reduces lung deposition of the drug, as many particles impact the oropharynx instead.