Ambulatory Care Ambulatory Care Pharmacology Flashcards
7 cards from real Ambulatory Care Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Ambulatory Care Ambulatory Care Pharmacology flashcards as text
A patient prescribed amiodarone long-term requires monitoring of which organ systems due to serious adverse effects?
Answer: Thyroid, lungs, and liver
Amiodarone can cause thyroid dysfunction, pulmonary toxicity, and hepatotoxicity, all requiring periodic monitoring.
Which antidepressant class is associated with the highest risk of serotonin syndrome when combined with tramadol?
Answer: SSRIs and SNRIs
SSRIs and SNRIs combined with tramadol (which also increases serotonin) create additive serotonergic risk leading to serotonin syndrome.
A patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension is prescribed tamsulosin. Which antihypertensive combination increases the risk of orthostatic hypotension most significantly?
Answer: Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (sildenafil)
Combining alpha-1 blockers (tamsulosin) with PDE-5 inhibitors causes additive vasodilation and severe orthostatic hypotension.
Which vaccine is recommended annually for all ambulatory patients regardless of age or risk factors?
Answer: Influenza vaccine
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged 6 months and older by ACIP.
A patient on warfarin reports recently starting a diet high in leafy green vegetables. What effect should the pharmacist anticipate?
Answer: Decreased INR due to increased vitamin K intake
Leafy greens are high in vitamin K, which promotes clotting factor synthesis and decreases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
Which medication used in the treatment of COPD works primarily as a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)?
Answer: Tiotropium
Tiotropium (Spiriva) is a LAMA that provides bronchodilation by blocking M3 muscarinic receptors in airway smooth muscle.
A patient on phenytoin for epilepsy is found to have a low total phenytoin level but is asymptomatic. The patient has a serum albumin of 2.0 g/dL. What is the most appropriate next step?
Answer: Calculate the free (unbound) phenytoin level or use a correction formula
Phenytoin is highly protein-bound; in hypoalbuminemia, a larger free fraction exists and the Sheiner-Tozer correction formula should be applied.