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Child and Adolescent Development Flashcards

7 cards from real ALT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Child and Adolescent Development flashcards as text

  1. According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, which system directly involves the child's immediate environment such as family and school?

    Answer: Microsystem

    The microsystem is the innermost layer and includes settings the child directly interacts with, such as family, school, and peer groups.

  2. A 14-year-old begins questioning parental values and experimenting with different social roles. According to Erikson, this reflects which developmental stage?

    Answer: Identity vs. Role Confusion

    Erikson's fifth stage, Identity vs. Role Confusion, occurs during adolescence when teens explore who they are and what roles they will occupy.

  3. Which theorist introduced the concept of the 'zone of proximal development' to describe what a child can achieve with guidance?

    Answer: Lev Vygotsky

    Lev Vygotsky coined the zone of proximal development (ZPD) to describe the gap between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with support.

  4. A child between ages 7–11 can classify objects into hierarchies and understand reversibility. This corresponds to which Piagetian stage?

    Answer: Concrete Operational

    The concrete operational stage (ages 7–11) is marked by logical thinking about concrete objects, classification skills, and understanding of reversibility.

  5. Which attachment style, identified by Ainsworth, is characterized by a child who is distressed when a caregiver leaves but is not comforted upon return?

    Answer: Anxious-ambivalent attachment

    Anxious-ambivalent (resistant) attachment involves high distress at separation and difficulty being soothed upon reunion, often linked to inconsistent caregiving.

  6. The process by which children observe and imitate the behavior of others, especially peers and adults, is best described by:

    Answer: Social learning theory

    Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes that children learn behaviors through observation, imitation, and modeling of others.

  7. A teacher notices a student struggles to take another person's perspective and insists the sun follows them home. This is consistent with which Piagetian concept?

    Answer: Egocentrism

    Egocentrism in Piaget's preoperational stage means the child views the world solely from their own perspective and cannot yet adopt another's viewpoint.