AKT Pharmacology and Prescribing 3

Question 1

Which medication class is most commonly associated with drug-induced hyponatremia (low serum sodium)?

Accepted Answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Question 2

A patient on digoxin presents with nausea, vomiting, and new-onset visual disturbances (yellow-green halos). What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Digoxin toxicity

Answer

Subtherapeutic digoxin levels

Answer

Concurrent viral gastroenteritis

Answer

Hypokalemia without digoxin involvement

Question 3

Which of the following is the most commonly reported adverse effect of statin therapy?

Accepted Answer

Myalgia and muscle weakness

Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Answer

Peripheral neuropathy

Answer

Rhabdomyolysis

Question 4

A patient on long-term amiodarone therapy requires which of the following routine monitoring tests?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid function, liver function, pulmonary function, and ophthalmologic exam

Answer

Renal function tests only

Answer

Complete blood count and bone density

Answer

Serum potassium and ECG only

Question 5

Which medication is contraindicated in patients with acute gout because it can paradoxically worsen or prolong an acute attack?

Accepted Answer

Allopurinol

Answer

Colchicine

Answer

Indomethacin

Answer

Prednisone

Question 6

Which anticoagulant class does NOT require routine INR monitoring due to its predictable pharmacokinetics?

Accepted Answer

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)

Answer

Warfarin

Answer

Phenprocoumon

Answer

Acenocoumarol

Question 7

What is the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole?

Accepted Answer

Irreversible inhibition of the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells

Answer

Reversible blockade of histamine H2 receptors on parietal cells

Answer

Neutralization of gastric hydrochloric acid

Answer

Stimulation of mucus and bicarbonate secretion in the gastric mucosa