AKT AKT Research and Evidence-Based Practice 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What does 'peer review' mean in the context of published research?
- The study was conducted by a team of peers
- The research was evaluated by experts in the field before publication (Correct answer)
- The participants reviewed the findings before they were published
- The study was repeated by a different research team
Correct answer: The research was evaluated by experts in the field before publication
Peer review is a process where independent subject matter experts evaluate a manuscript's methodology, findings, and conclusions before it is published.
Question 2: Which term describes the extent to which research findings can be applied to populations or settings beyond the study sample?
- Internal validity
- Generalizability (Correct answer)
- Reliability
- Statistical significance
Correct answer: Generalizability
Generalizability (also called external validity) refers to how well the findings from a study's sample can be applied to broader populations or different contexts.
Question 3: In a research article, the 'methodology' section primarily describes:
- The background and significance of the study
- How the study was designed and data was collected (Correct answer)
- The results and statistical findings
- The authors' conclusions and recommendations
Correct answer: How the study was designed and data was collected
The methodology section explains the research design, participant selection, data collection procedures, and analysis methods used in the study.
Question 4: What is 'informed consent' in research ethics?
- Approval from a government agency to conduct research
- A participant's voluntary agreement after being fully informed of risks and benefits (Correct answer)
- The researcher's agreement to follow study protocols
- Approval from a statistical review board
Correct answer: A participant's voluntary agreement after being fully informed of risks and benefits
Informed consent is the ethical process by which participants voluntarily agree to participate in research after receiving complete information about its purpose, risks, and benefits.
Question 5: A meta-analysis is best described as:
- A single large-scale experimental study
- A study that statistically combines results from multiple independent studies (Correct answer)
- An expert opinion paper summarizing best practices
- A qualitative review of case studies
Correct answer: A study that statistically combines results from multiple independent studies
A meta-analysis uses statistical methods to pool and analyze data from multiple studies on the same topic to produce a more powerful overall estimate of effect.
Question 6: Which of the following best defines a research hypothesis?
- A proven fact derived from prior studies
- A testable prediction about the relationship between variables (Correct answer)
- A broad research question with no expected outcome
- A statistical method used to analyze data
Correct answer: A testable prediction about the relationship between variables
A hypothesis is a specific, testable prediction that proposes the expected relationship or difference between two or more variables.
AKT AKT Research and Evidence-Based Practice 2
What does 'peer review' mean in the context of published research?