AGD Oral Pathology and Diagnosis 5

Question 1

A young patient presents with multiple jaw cysts, bifid ribs, calcification of the falx cerebri, and skeletal anomalies. What is the underlying gene mutation?

Accepted Answer

PTCH1 (patched) gene mutation

Answer

APC tumor suppressor gene

Answer

STK11 gene mutation

Answer

TP53 tumor suppressor gene

Question 2

Which of the following features distinguishes fibrous dysplasia from ossifying fibroma radiographically?

Accepted Answer

Fibrous dysplasia blends imperceptibly with normal bone; ossifying fibroma has a well-defined border

Answer

Fibrous dysplasia has well-defined corticated borders; ossifying fibroma does not

Answer

Fibrous dysplasia causes root resorption; ossifying fibroma displaces teeth

Answer

Fibrous dysplasia appears as a mixed lesion; ossifying fibroma is purely radiolucent

Question 3

A patient on long-term bisphosphonate therapy for osteoporosis undergoes tooth extraction. Four months later, exposed necrotic bone is visible at the extraction site. What is the correct diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ)

Answer

Osteomyelitis

Answer

Osteoradionecrosis

Answer

Sequestrum from dry socket

Question 4

Which of the following conditions is associated with trismus, medial pterygoid fibrosis, and a burning sensation of the oral mucosa with betel nut use?

Accepted Answer

Oral submucous fibrosis

Answer

Scleroderma

Answer

Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis

Answer

Plaque-type lichen planus

Question 5

A child presents with a dome-shaped, painless swelling on the anterior palate near the midline. Radiograph reveals a heart-shaped radiolucency between the roots of the maxillary central incisors. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Nasopalatine duct cyst

Answer

Globulomaxillary cyst

Answer

Median palatine cyst

Answer

Nasolabial cyst

Question 6

Which of the following is the MOST common benign mesenchymal tumor of the oral cavity?

Accepted Answer

Fibroma (focal fibrous hyperplasia)

Answer

Neurofibroma

Answer

Lipoma

Answer

Hemangioma

Question 7

A 50-year-old presents with xerostomia, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and bilateral parotid gland enlargement. Lip biopsy shows focal lymphocytic sialadenitis with a focus score of ≥1. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Sjögren syndrome

Answer

Sarcoidosis

Answer

IgG4-related disease

Answer

Mikulicz disease