AFCAT Science and Technology 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the speed of light in vacuum approximately equal to?
- 3 × 10⁶ m/s
- 3 × 10⁸ m/s (Correct answer)
- 3 × 10¹⁰ m/s
- 3 × 10⁴ m/s
Correct answer: 3 × 10⁸ m/s
The speed of light in vacuum is approximately 3 × 10⁸ meters per second (299,792,458 m/s precisely).
Question 2: Which process involves the conversion of solid directly into vapor without passing through the liquid phase?
- Evaporation
- Condensation
- Sublimation (Correct answer)
- Vaporization
Correct answer: Sublimation
Sublimation is the direct phase transition from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state, as seen with dry ice (solid CO₂).
Question 3: In an aircraft, what is the function of an altimeter?
- Measures airspeed relative to surrounding air
- Measures the aircraft's altitude above a reference level (Correct answer)
- Detects nearby aircraft for collision avoidance
- Measures the rate of climb or descent
Correct answer: Measures the aircraft's altitude above a reference level
An altimeter measures the aircraft's altitude above a reference level (usually mean sea level) using atmospheric pressure readings.
Question 4: Which element is the primary component of steel?
- Carbon
- Iron (Correct answer)
- Chromium
- Nickel
Correct answer: Iron
Iron is the primary component of steel, which is an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon and other elements.
Question 5: What type of lens is used in a simple magnifying glass?
- Concave lens
- Plano-concave lens
- Convex (converging) lens (Correct answer)
- Cylindrical lens
Correct answer: Convex (converging) lens
A convex (converging) lens is used in a magnifying glass because it bends light rays inward, creating a magnified virtual image.
Question 6: Which Indian defence missile system is designed to intercept ballistic missiles at exo-atmospheric altitudes?
- Akash missile system
- Prithvi Air Defence (PAD) (Correct answer)
- BrahMos missile
- Nag anti-tank missile
Correct answer: Prithvi Air Defence (PAD)
Prithvi Air Defence (PAD), also known as Pradyumna, is India's exo-atmospheric interceptor missile designed to destroy ballistic missiles outside the atmosphere.
Question 7: Which gas is responsible for the greenhouse effect primarily in Earth's atmosphere?
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Carbon dioxide (Correct answer)
- Argon
Correct answer: Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the primary anthropogenic greenhouse gas responsible for trapping heat in Earth's atmosphere and driving climate change.
AFCAT Science and Technology 3
What is the speed of light in vacuum approximately equal to?