AFAA Anatomy and Physiology 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: During aerobic exercise, which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Lysosome
Correct answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria are the site of oxidative phosphorylation, producing the majority of ATP aerobically.
Question 2: Which type of muscle fiber has the highest aerobic capacity and is most resistant to fatigue?
- Type IIx
- Type IIa
- Type I (Correct answer)
- Type IIb
Correct answer: Type I
Type I (slow-twitch) fibers are highly oxidative, fatigue resistant, and ideal for endurance activities.
Question 3: What is the name of the connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone?
- Ligament
- Cartilage
- Fascia
- Tendon (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Tendon
Tendons are dense connective tissue structures that transmit muscular force to the skeleton.
Question 4: Which term describes movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?
- Adduction
- Abduction (Correct answer)
- Circumduction
- Inversion
Correct answer: Abduction
Abduction moves a limb away from the body's midline, such as raising the arm laterally.
Question 5: The gluteus maximus is the primary mover for which action?
- Hip flexion
- Knee extension
- Hip extension (Correct answer)
- Spinal flexion
Correct answer: Hip extension
The gluteus maximus is the largest hip extensor and is heavily recruited in activities like stair climbing and deadlifts.
Question 6: Which heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation?
- Right atrium
- Right ventricle
- Left atrium
- Left ventricle (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Left ventricle
The left ventricle ejects oxygenated blood through the aorta to the rest of the body.
AFAA Anatomy and Physiology 2
During aerobic exercise, which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production?