ADAT Clinical Sciences Flashcards
7 cards from real ADAT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 ADAT Clinical Sciences flashcards as text
A patient requires premedication before a dental procedure due to a prosthetic heart valve. According to current AHA guidelines, which antibiotic regimen is standard for those not allergic to penicillin?
Answer: Amoxicillin 2 g one hour before
For patients at high risk of infective endocarditis without penicillin allergy, amoxicillin 2 g orally one hour before the procedure is the standard prophylaxis.
Which type of bone provides the best primary stability for an immediate dental implant?
Answer: Type I (dense cortical)
Type I bone, being dense cortical, offers the greatest initial mechanical stability for an implant, though it may have a lower vascular supply.
A patient's panoramic radiograph shows a multilocular radiolucency with a 'soap bubble' appearance in the posterior mandible. Which lesion is most classically associated with this pattern?
Answer: Ameloblastoma
Ameloblastoma classically presents as a multilocular 'soap bubble' or 'honeycomb' radiolucency, often in the posterior mandible.
Which agent, applied topically, is most effective at arresting active carious lesions, particularly in patients unable to tolerate restorative treatment?
Answer: Silver diamine fluoride
Silver diamine fluoride arrests active caries through the antibacterial silver and remineralizing fluoride, though it stains the lesion black.
During scaling, a clinician notes generalized recession with exposed root surfaces sensitive to cold. Which mechanism best explains dentin hypersensitivity?
Answer: Hydrodynamic theory of fluid movement in tubules
The hydrodynamic theory attributes dentin hypersensitivity to fluid movement within open dentinal tubules stimulating pulpal nerves.
A patient taking warfarin needs a simple extraction. Which laboratory value should be checked, and what value generally allows the procedure to proceed safely?
Answer: INR below 3.5
For most simple dental extractions, an INR up to about 3.5 allows the procedure to proceed with local hemostatic measures and without stopping warfarin.
Which developmental enamel defect results from disruption during the maturation stage of amelogenesis and appears as opaque or discolored spots with normal enamel thickness?
Answer: Enamel hypomineralization (hypomaturation)
Hypomineralization (hypomaturation) defects show normal enamel quantity but reduced mineral content, producing opaque or discolored areas.