ADAT Clinical Sciences Flashcards

What are the principles of cavity preparation in operative dentistry?

Answer: Outline form, resistance form, retention form, convenience form, removal of remaining caries, finishing of enamel walls, and toilet of the cavity

GV Black's principles guide systematic cavity preparation: outline form (extent), resistance form (preventing fracture), retention form (holding restoration), convenience form (access), caries removal, enamel wall finishing, and cavity cleansing.

What is the difference between a fixed and removable dental prosthesis?

Answer: Fixed prostheses (crowns, bridges) are cemented permanently; removable prostheses (dentures, partials) can be taken out by the patient

Fixed prostheses are permanently cemented or bonded to teeth/implants (crowns, bridges, veneers). Removable prostheses rest on tissues and clasps, and the patient removes them for cleaning (complete/partial dentures).

What are the indications for endodontic (root canal) treatment?

Answer: Irreversible pulpitis, pulp necrosis, periapical pathology, and internal/external resorption requiring pulp removal

Endodontic treatment is indicated for irreversible pulpitis (inflamed pulp that won't heal), necrotic pulp (dead pulp tissue), periapical infection/abscess, dental trauma exposing the pulp, and certain resorption cases.

What is the classification of periodontal diseases?

Answer: Gingivitis (reversible gum inflammation), periodontitis (irreversible bone loss) staged by severity and graded by progression rate

The 2017 classification includes gingivitis (dental biofilm-induced, non-dental biofilm-induced), periodontitis (staged I-IV by severity, graded A-C by progression), necrotizing periodontal diseases, and periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease.

What imaging modalities are used in dental diagnosis?

Answer: Periapical, bitewing, panoramic, and CBCT radiographs, each serving specific diagnostic purposes

Different radiographic views serve different purposes: periapical (full tooth/root pathology), bitewing (interproximal caries/bone levels), panoramic (overall jaw/teeth overview), and CBCT (3D imaging for implants/pathology/surgery).

What are the ADA/ADAT clinical competencies assessed?

Answer: Patient assessment, diagnosis, treatment planning, clinical procedures, emergency management, and professional ethics

The ADAT assesses clinical competencies including patient evaluation and diagnosis, evidence-based treatment planning, knowledge of clinical procedures across dental specialties, emergency preparedness, and ethical practice standards.