Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Exam Health Promotion & Disease Prevention 3

Question 1

A 70-year-old patient who smokes 1 pack per day wants to quit. Which approach has the highest evidence for successful tobacco cessation?

Accepted Answer

Combination of behavioral counseling plus pharmacotherapy (varenicline or combination NRT)

Answer

Brief clinician advice alone (less than 3 minutes)

Answer

Varenicline (Chantix) pharmacotherapy alone

Answer

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) patch alone

Question 2

According to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (2nd edition), older adults should aim for how many minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week to achieve substantial health benefits?

Accepted Answer

150 minutes per week

Answer

60 minutes per week

Answer

100 minutes per week

Answer

300 minutes per week minimum

Question 3

Which dietary pattern has the strongest evidence supporting cardiovascular risk reduction and cognitive health benefits in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Mediterranean diet emphasizing fruits, vegetables, whole grains, olive oil, and fish

Answer

Low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet

Answer

Very low-fat diet with less than 20% of calories from fat

Answer

High-protein diet with protein at every meal

Question 4

A 68-year-old male with a BMI of 32 presents for a wellness visit with no current weight-related conditions. Per USPSTF recommendations, what is the most appropriate action?

Accepted Answer

Referral to or provision of intensive multicomponent behavioral counseling interventions

Answer

Dietary counseling at the current visit only

Answer

Prescribe orlistat for pharmacological weight management

Answer

No intervention; BMI cutoffs differ in older adults making intervention unnecessary

Question 5

When counseling older adults with low health literacy about chronic disease self-management, which communication technique is most effective for confirming understanding?

Accepted Answer

Employing the 'teach-back' method by asking the patient to explain the information back

Answer

Providing extensive written educational materials to review at home

Answer

Using precise medical terminology to ensure accuracy

Answer

Scheduling more frequent follow-up appointments every 4–6 weeks

Question 6

An adult-gerontology NP is integrating advance care planning into routine primary care for a 72-year-old patient. Which elements should be addressed?

Accepted Answer

Goals of care, personal values, treatment preferences, and designation of a healthcare proxy or surrogate decision-maker

Answer

Resuscitation preferences only, documented in the medical record

Answer

Only end-of-life documentation if the patient has a terminal diagnosis

Answer

Organ donation preferences only, through the state registry

Question 7

Which vitamin D supplementation guidance best reflects current evidence-based recommendations for community-dwelling older adults to support bone health and reduce fracture risk?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D 600–800 IU daily combined with adequate calcium intake (1,000–1,200 mg/day)

Answer

Vitamin D 200 IU daily is sufficient for all older adults

Answer

Vitamin D 4,000 IU daily universally regardless of serum 25-OH-D levels

Answer

Vitamin D supplementation is not recommended unless serum levels fall below 10 ng/mL