Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2

Question 1

Which antihypertensive class is recommended as first-line therapy for older adults with both diabetes and hypertension?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Alpha-blockers

Answer

Centrally acting agents

Question 2

A CNS is caring for an 82-year-old on long-term corticosteroids. Which prophylactic medication is most important to add?

Accepted Answer

Bisphosphonate

Answer

Antifungal

Answer

Proton pump inhibitor

Answer

Anticoagulant

Question 3

Which benzodiazepine property makes it particularly risky in older adults compared to short-acting alternatives?

Accepted Answer

Long half-life with active metabolites

Answer

Short half-life

Answer

Renal elimination

Answer

High protein binding

Question 4

A CNS selects an antibiotic for a UTI in an 85-year-old woman with a penicillin allergy. Which is the best oral choice for an uncomplicated UTI?

Accepted Answer

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Answer

Amoxicillin-clavulanate

Answer

Nitrofurantoin

Answer

Ciprofloxacin

Question 5

Which medication is the preferred first-line treatment for Clostridioides difficile infection in older adults per current guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Oral vancomycin

Answer

Metronidazole

Answer

Fidaxomicin

Answer

Rifaximin

Question 6

What is polypharmacy defined as in most clinical guidelines for older adults?

Accepted Answer

Taking 5 or more medications

Answer

Taking 2 or more medications

Answer

Taking 10 or more medications

Answer

Taking any OTC medication daily