Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Neurological and Cognitive Disorders 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the time window for IV alteplase (tPA) administration in eligible acute ischemic stroke patients?
- Within 1 hour of onset
- Within 3 to 4.5 hours of onset (Correct answer)
- Within 6 hours of onset
- Within 24 hours of onset
Correct answer: Within 3 to 4.5 hours of onset
IV alteplase must be administered within 3 to 4.5 hours of ischemic stroke symptom onset in appropriately selected patients.
Question 2: Which cognitive domain is typically first affected in Alzheimer's disease?
- Language
- Episodic memory (Correct answer)
- Executive function
- Visuospatial ability
Correct answer: Episodic memory
Episodic memory — the ability to recall recent events and newly learned information — is typically the first cognitive domain impaired in AD.
Question 3: Which pharmacological agent is considered the most effective for motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease?
- Dopamine agonists
- Levodopa-carbidopa (Correct answer)
- MAO-B inhibitors
- Anticholinergics
Correct answer: Levodopa-carbidopa
Levodopa combined with carbidopa remains the most effective pharmacological treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Question 4: Which triad of symptoms is characteristic of normal pressure hydrocephalus?
- Fever, neck stiffness, photophobia
- Gait disturbance, urinary incontinence, dementia (Correct answer)
- Tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia
- Aphasia, hemiplegia, hemianopia
Correct answer: Gait disturbance, urinary incontinence, dementia
Normal pressure hydrocephalus presents with the classic Hakim triad: magnetic gait, urinary incontinence, and cognitive decline.
Question 5: Which type of aphasia is characterized by fluent speech with comprehension deficits and paraphasic errors?
- Broca's aphasia
- Wernicke's aphasia (Correct answer)
- Global aphasia
- Conduction aphasia
Correct answer: Wernicke's aphasia
Wernicke's aphasia results from temporal lobe damage and features fluent but meaningless speech with severely impaired comprehension.
Question 6: What is the NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) used to assess?
- Stroke risk factors
- Stroke severity and neurological deficits (Correct answer)
- Post-stroke rehabilitation prognosis
- Stroke prevention medication adherence
Correct answer: Stroke severity and neurological deficits
The NIHSS quantifies stroke severity by evaluating 11 neurological parameters including consciousness, language, motor function, and sensory deficits.
Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Neurological and Cognitive Disorders 2
What is the time window for IV alteplase (tPA) administration in eligible acute ischemic stroke patients?