Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Gerontological Care & Age-Related Changes 2

Question 1

The comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is distinguished from standard medical assessment by:

Accepted Answer

Evaluating functional status, cognition, mood, social support, and medical issues in an interdisciplinary format

Answer

Focusing exclusively on medical diagnoses and laboratory results

Answer

Being performed only by geriatricians in inpatient settings

Answer

Using only standardized questionnaires without physical examination

Question 2

Malnutrition in hospitalized older adults is associated with:

Accepted Answer

Increased infection risk, prolonged hospital stay, muscle wasting, and higher mortality

Answer

Improved wound healing from increased protein breakdown

Answer

Reduced medication toxicity due to lower drug distribution volume

Answer

Improved renal function from decreased nitrogenous waste

Question 3

Presbycusis (age-related hearing loss) most commonly affects:

Accepted Answer

High-frequency sounds first due to progressive sensory hair cell loss at the cochlear base

Answer

Low-frequency sounds first due to cochlear base damage

Answer

Conductive hearing before sensorineural loss

Answer

Balance more than auditory perception

Question 4

The concept of frailty in older adults refers to:

Accepted Answer

A biologically distinct syndrome of decreased physiological reserve and resistance to stressors increasing vulnerability to adverse outcomes

Answer

Chronological age over 85 years regardless of health status

Answer

Cognitive impairment alone limiting daily function

Answer

Dependence on others for all activities of daily living

Question 5

Age-related changes in renal function relevant to drug dosing include:

Accepted Answer

Decreased GFR, reduced tubular secretion, and decline in creatinine clearance even with normal serum creatinine

Answer

Increased glomerular filtration rate with age

Answer

Enhanced drug excretion due to reduced protein binding

Answer

Increased nephron compensatory hypertrophy maintaining GFR

Question 6

Advance care planning discussions with older adults should focus primarily on:

Accepted Answer

Eliciting personal values, goals, and preferences to guide future medical decisions when the patient may lose decision-making capacity

Answer

Ensuring all patients choose comfort-focused care

Answer

Completing legal documents without individualized discussion

Answer

Selecting a surrogate decision-maker only after cognitive decline