ADC - Australian Dental Council Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Questions and Answers

Question 1

A 9-year-old child presents with an uncomplicated crown fracture of the maxillary right central incisor (tooth 11) following a fall.
The fracture exposes a small area of vital dentine but not the pulp.
The tooth is not mobile, and pulp vitality testing is positive.
According to the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines, what is the most appropriate immediate management?

Accepted Answer

Place a calcium hydroxide liner over the exposed dentine and restore with composite resin.

Answer

Perform a direct pulp cap with MTA and restore.

Answer

Initiate a Cvek (partial) pulpotomy.

Answer

Extract the tooth and consider a space maintainer.

Question 2

A 7-year-old child in the mixed dentition stage presents with a unilateral posterior crossbite involving the permanent first molars. Upon closing, there is a clear functional mandibular shift towards the side of the crossbite. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial orthodontic intervention?

Accepted Answer

Maxillary expansion using an appliance like a Quad Helix or RPE.

Answer

Observation until all permanent teeth have erupted.

Answer

Surgical-assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE).

Answer

Fixed orthodontic appliances (full braces).

Question 3

A 4-year-old anxious child has a cavitated carious lesion on a primary molar with no signs of irreversible pulpitis. As a non-invasive management option that avoids local anaesthesia and tooth preparation, the clinician decides to cement a pre-formed metal crown over the tooth. What is this technique called?

Accepted Answer

The Hall Technique

Answer

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART)

Answer

Interim Therapeutic Restoration (ITR)

Answer

Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) Application

Question 4

In the context of Angle's classification of malocclusion, which of the following accurately describes a Class III relationship?

Accepted Answer

The mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes distal to the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar.

Answer

The mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes in the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar.

Answer

The mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes mesial to the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar.

Answer

The distobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes in the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar.

Question 5

A 6-year-old child requires extraction of the mandibular right primary second molar (tooth 85) due to an abscess. The permanent first molar (tooth 46) has not yet erupted but is visible on the radiograph. To prevent mesial migration and impaction of the unerupted permanent molar, what is the most appropriate space management appliance?

Accepted Answer

Distal shoe space maintainer

Answer

Band and loop space maintainer

Answer

Nance appliance

Answer

Lower lingual holding arch

Question 6

Which of the following is the primary objective of using formocresol as a medicament during a pulpotomy procedure on a primary tooth?

Accepted Answer

To mummify and fix the radicular pulp tissue, rendering it inert.

Answer

To stimulate the formation of a reparative dentine bridge.

Answer

To completely disinfect and sterilise the entire root canal system.

Answer

To promote revascularisation of the coronal pulp tissue.