ADAT Dental Pharmacology 3

Question 1

Which sedative-hypnotic drug is most commonly used for conscious sedation in dental offices in the US?

Accepted Answer

Midazolam

Answer

Diazepam

Answer

Triazolam

Answer

Lorazepam

Question 2

A dental patient reports taking bisphosphonates for osteoporosis. What is the primary concern with invasive dental procedures?

Accepted Answer

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ)

Answer

Increased bleeding risk

Answer

Impaired wound healing due to anemia

Answer

Increased infection risk from immunosuppression

Question 3

What is the reversal agent for benzodiazepine overdose during dental sedation?

Accepted Answer

Flumazenil

Answer

Naloxone

Answer

Physostigmine

Answer

Atropine

Question 4

Which class of antibiotics should be avoided in patients with a history of penicillin anaphylaxis due to potential cross-reactivity?

Accepted Answer

First-generation cephalosporins

Answer

Macrolides

Answer

Tetracyclines

Answer

Fluoroquinolones

Question 5

Nitrous oxide used in dental sedation acts primarily by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

NMDA receptor antagonism and endogenous opioid release

Answer

GABA-A receptor potentiation

Answer

Alpha-2 adrenergic agonism

Answer

Serotonin reuptake inhibition

Question 6

Which antibiotic regimen is recommended by the AHA for infective endocarditis prophylaxis before dental procedures in high-risk patients who are allergic to penicillin?

Accepted Answer

Azithromycin 500 mg PO 1 hour before

Answer

Metronidazole 500 mg PO 1 hour before

Answer

Clindamycin 600 mg PO 30–60 minutes before

Answer

Doxycycline 100 mg PO 1 hour before