ADAT Dental Pharmacology 2

Question 1

What is the primary mechanism by which chlorhexidine reduces dental plaque?

Accepted Answer

Disrupts bacterial cell membranes and binds to oral surfaces for sustained release

Answer

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis

Answer

Blocks bacterial DNA replication

Answer

Chelates calcium from bacterial cell walls

Question 2

A patient taking warfarin needs a tooth extraction. Which antibiotic, if prescribed, is most likely to significantly enhance anticoagulation?

Accepted Answer

Metronidazole

Answer

Amoxicillin

Answer

Azithromycin

Answer

Clindamycin

Question 3

Which opioid is preferred for dental pain management in patients with renal impairment?

Accepted Answer

Hydromorphone

Answer

Morphine

Answer

Codeine

Answer

Tramadol

Question 4

Which fluoride compound is most effective for remineralizing early enamel carious lesions in-office?

Accepted Answer

Sodium fluoride 5% varnish

Answer

Sodium fluoride 0.05% rinse

Answer

Stannous fluoride 0.4% gel

Answer

Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) 1.23%

Question 5

What is the primary reason epinephrine-containing local anesthetics are used cautiously in patients taking non-selective beta-blockers?

Accepted Answer

Risk of hypertensive crisis due to unopposed alpha-adrenergic stimulation

Answer

Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmia from beta-receptor overstimulation

Answer

Reduced local anesthetic efficacy due to altered blood flow

Answer

Risk of hypoglycemia from insulin interaction

Question 6

Which antifungal agent is the first-line treatment for oral candidiasis in immunocompetent dental patients?

Accepted Answer

Nystatin topical

Answer

Amphotericin B

Answer

Fluconazole systemic

Answer

Itraconazole