Mixed Deck — All ADAPT Topics Flashcards

What is 'reasonable suspicion testing' in a workplace drug-free program?

Answer: Testing conducted when a trained supervisor observes specific behavior suggesting a worker may be under the influence

Reasonable suspicion testing is based on documented, articulable observations of appearance, behavior, speech, or body odor consistent with substance use.

What does 'evidence-based practice' mean when selecting substance use prevention or treatment programs?

Answer: Programs that have been rigorously tested through research and shown to be effective in reducing substance use

Evidence-based practices have been evaluated through scientific research — randomized controlled trials or comparable methods — demonstrating measurable effectiveness.

What is the general effect of alcohol on blood pressure over long-term heavy use?

Answer: Raises blood pressure, increasing cardiovascular risk

Chronic heavy drinking raises blood pressure and increases the risk of stroke, heart disease, and heart failure.

Which factor makes it harder to treat someone with co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders compared to someone with only one condition?

Answer: Each condition can interfere with treatment of the other

Co-occurring disorders complicate treatment because the symptoms of each condition can interfere with the treatment process of the other, requiring more comprehensive and coordinated care.

When a person stops using alcohol or drugs and their underlying mental health symptoms worsen, this is sometimes called:

Answer: Protracted withdrawal revealing underlying illness

During early sobriety, the removal of substances that were masking mental health symptoms can cause those symptoms to surface or intensify, revealing an underlying disorder.

Trauma history is linked to substance use disorders primarily because:

Answer: Substances can temporarily relieve trauma-related distress, creating a risk of misuse

Trauma survivors may use substances to cope with flashbacks, anxiety, and emotional pain, which can escalate into dependency.

Experiencing strong cravings or urges to use a substance is considered a diagnostic criterion for:

Answer: Substance use disorder

Intense cravings are listed as one of the diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder in the DSM-5.

Which statement best describes the relationship between depression and substance use?

Answer: Depression and substance use can each trigger and worsen the other

Depression and substance use have a bidirectional relationship — depression can lead to substance use as self-medication, and substance use can deepen or trigger depressive episodes.

What is 'motivational interviewing' (MI) in the context of substance use treatment?

Answer: A client-centered counseling technique that helps people explore and resolve ambivalence about changing substance use

Motivational interviewing is a collaborative, empathetic counseling style that draws out a person's own motivation and commitment to change.

Which type of behavioral therapy is most evidence-based for treating substance use disorders?

Answer: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) helps people identify and change thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to substance use and is strongly supported by research.

When a person uses alcohol or drugs to cope with anxiety, fear, or emotional pain, this is often called:

Answer: Self-medication

Self-medication refers to using substances to manage symptoms of an underlying mental health disorder rather than seeking proper treatment.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is considered a risk factor for substance use disorders primarily because:

Answer: Impulsivity associated with ADHD increases the risk of experimenting with substances

The impulsivity and difficulty with self-regulation characteristic of ADHD increases the likelihood of experimenting with and misusing substances.

Which of the following is an effective strategy for avoiding peer pressure to use alcohol or drugs?

Answer: Make an excuse and leave the situation

Making an excuse and leaving the situation is an effective strategy because it removes you from the source of peer pressure. This allows you to avoid direct confrontation while still upholding your decision not to use alcohol or drugs. Physically removing yourself from the environment can significantly reduce the pressure to conform.

What is the purpose of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and similar 12-step programs?

Answer: To offer peer support, accountability, and a structured recovery framework based on shared experience

AA and similar programs provide a community of people in recovery who support each other through a structured 12-step process of personal accountability and mutual aid.

What distinguishes physical dependence from psychological dependence on drugs?

Answer: Physical dependence involves withdrawal symptoms; psychological involves cravings and compulsive use

Physical dependence involves the body's adaptation leading to withdrawal symptoms, while psychological dependence is the mental craving and compulsion to use.

Which factor does NOT affect how quickly alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream?

Answer: Eye color

Eye color has no effect on alcohol absorption; weight, gender, food intake, and metabolism are the relevant biological factors.

What is naloxone (Narcan) used for in emergency situations?

Answer: Reversing opioid overdose

Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid overdose by blocking opioid receptors, restoring normal breathing within minutes.

Inhalants are dangerous because they can cause 'sudden sniffing death' through which mechanism?

Answer: Cardiac arrhythmia

Inhalants can sensitize the heart to adrenaline, causing sudden and fatal cardiac arrhythmia even on the first use.

Why is long-term follow-up care (aftercare) important after completing a primary treatment program?

Answer: Addiction is a chronic condition and ongoing support reduces relapse risk during high-risk periods

Like managing diabetes or heart disease, addiction requires ongoing management; aftercare programs provide continued support during the vulnerable post-treatment period.

What substances are included in the standard DOT 5-panel drug test?

Answer: Marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, and PCP

The standard DOT 5-panel test screens for marijuana (THC), cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, and PCP.