ACSM-CPT ACSM-CPT Anatomy and Biomechanics 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which muscle is the primary mover during a barbell back squat?
- Gluteus maximus (Correct answer)
- Biceps femoris
- Gastrocnemius
- Rectus femoris
Correct answer: Gluteus maximus
The gluteus maximus is the primary mover during a squat because it drives hip extension from the bottom position.
Question 2: What term describes movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?
- Adduction
- Abduction (Correct answer)
- Flexion
- Extension
Correct answer: Abduction
Abduction refers to moving a limb away from the body's midline, such as raising the arm out to the side.
Question 3: Which plane of motion divides the body into front and back halves?
- Sagittal plane
- Transverse plane
- Frontal plane (Correct answer)
- Horizontal plane
Correct answer: Frontal plane
The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves and governs lateral movements.
Question 4: The biceps brachii muscle crosses which two joints?
- Wrist and elbow
- Elbow and shoulder (Correct answer)
- Shoulder and wrist
- Elbow and radioulnar
Correct answer: Elbow and shoulder
The biceps brachii is a two-joint muscle that crosses both the elbow and the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Question 5: During a push-up, the triceps brachii acts as which type of mover?
- Antagonist
- Stabilizer
- Agonist (Correct answer)
- Synergist only
Correct answer: Agonist
The triceps brachii is the agonist (prime mover) during the pushing phase of a push-up because it produces elbow extension.
Question 6: Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens while under tension?
- Concentric
- Isometric
- Eccentric (Correct answer)
- Isokinetic
Correct answer: Eccentric
An eccentric contraction occurs when a muscle produces force while lengthening, such as lowering a weight under control.
ACSM-CPT ACSM-CPT Anatomy and Biomechanics 1
Which muscle is the primary mover during a barbell back squat?