ACS ACS Supervisory Models & Theories 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which supervision model proposes that supervisees move through three developmental stages: beginning, advanced, and master counselor?
- Integrated Developmental Model (IDM) (Correct answer)
- Discrimination Model
- Developmental Supervision Model
- Reflective Supervision Model
Correct answer: Integrated Developmental Model (IDM)
The Integrated Developmental Model (IDM) by Stoltenberg and Delworth describes supervisee growth through three progressive developmental levels.
Question 2: In Bernard's Discrimination Model of supervision, which of the following is NOT one of the three supervisor roles?
- Teacher
- Counselor
- Researcher (Correct answer)
- Consultant
Correct answer: Researcher
Bernard's Discrimination Model identifies three supervisor roles: teacher, counselor, and consultant — researcher is not among them.
Question 3: The Psychotherapy-Based Supervision Model most closely mirrors which therapeutic approach when applied to supervision?
- Behavioral therapy
- Person-centered therapy (Correct answer)
- Reality therapy
- Solution-focused therapy
Correct answer: Person-centered therapy
Psychotherapy-based supervision models often mirror their parent therapy — person-centered supervision, for example, emphasizes the supervisory relationship and core conditions.
Question 4: Which supervision approach emphasizes the parallel process, where dynamics in the supervisory relationship mirror those in the counselor-client relationship?
- Cognitive-behavioral supervision
- Psychodynamic supervision (Correct answer)
- Systemic supervision
- Motivational supervision
Correct answer: Psychodynamic supervision
Psychodynamic supervision focuses heavily on parallel process, countertransference, and how the supervisory relationship reflects the therapeutic one.
Question 5: In the Systematic Approach to Supervision (SAS), which element focuses on the supervisor's awareness of their own biases and theoretical orientation?
- Supervisory tasks
- Supervisory functions
- Supervisor factors (Correct answer)
- Supervision context
Correct answer: Supervisor factors
In the SAS model, supervisor factors refer to the supervisor's personal characteristics, theoretical orientation, and self-awareness, including biases.
Question 6: A supervisor who primarily uses a cognitive-behavioral supervision approach would most likely focus on which of the following with a supervisee?
- Exploring the supervisee's childhood experiences
- Identifying and challenging the supervisee's maladaptive cognitions about clients (Correct answer)
- Examining the supervisory alliance as a microcosm of the therapeutic relationship
- Empathically reflecting the supervisee's feelings about their work
Correct answer: Identifying and challenging the supervisee's maladaptive cognitions about clients
Cognitive-behavioral supervision targets the supervisee's dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs about their counseling work and clients.
ACS ACS Supervisory Models & Theories 1
Which supervision model proposes that supervisees move through three developmental stages: beginning, advanced, and master counselor?