Networking Fundamentals Flashcards

Which IPv6 address type is equivalent to an IPv4 private address and is only routable within a local network segment?

Answer: Link-local

Link-local addresses (FE80::/10) are automatically assigned and only routable within the local link, similar to IPv4's APIPA addresses.

What is the maximum transmission unit (MTU) for standard Ethernet frames?

Answer: 1500 bytes

Standard Ethernet MTU is 1500 bytes; frames exceeding this require fragmentation at the IP layer.

Which routing protocol uses the Dijkstra shortest path first (SPF) algorithm?

Answer: OSPF

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) uses Dijkstra's SPF algorithm to calculate the shortest path through a network topology.

A network administrator needs to allow multiple VLANs to traverse a single link between two switches. Which configuration is required?

Answer: Trunk port

A trunk port carries traffic for multiple VLANs using 802.1Q tagging, enabling VLAN propagation across switch-to-switch links.

Which mechanism allows a router to translate private IP addresses to a single public IP address for outbound internet traffic?

Answer: NAT/PAT

NAT/PAT (Network Address Translation/Port Address Translation) maps multiple private addresses to one public IP using unique port numbers.

What is the purpose of the 802.1Q VLAN tag inserted into an Ethernet frame?

Answer: Identify which VLAN the frame belongs to

The 802.1Q tag contains a 12-bit VLAN ID field that identifies the VLAN membership of the frame as it traverses trunk links.

Which protocol resolves a known IP address to its corresponding MAC address on a local network segment?

Answer: ARP

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) broadcasts a request for the MAC address associated with a known IPv4 address on the local subnet.