ACF Nutrition Principles 5

Question 1

Which nutrient deficiency is most commonly associated with night blindness and dry eyes?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A deficiency

Answer

Vitamin A (retinol) is required for rhodopsin synthesis in rod cells; deficiency impairs dark adaptation, causing night blindness.

Question 2

In menu planning for a cardiac-health-focused menu, which cooking fat would be most appropriate to feature?

Accepted Answer

Extra-virgin olive oil

Answer

Extra-virgin olive oil is high in monounsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols, both associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk.

Question 3

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for dietary fat for adults?

Accepted Answer

20–35% of total calories

Answer

The AMDR for fat is 20–35% of total caloric intake for adults, balancing energy needs with cardiovascular health recommendations.

Question 4

Which enzyme in the stomach begins protein digestion by cleaving peptide bonds?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Pepsin, activated from pepsinogen by stomach acid (HCl), is the primary gastric protease that begins breaking down dietary proteins.

Question 5

A customer requests a meal that is both high in iron and maximizes iron absorption. Which combination is best?

Accepted Answer

Lentil soup with a glass of orange juice

Answer

Vitamin C in orange juice enhances non-heme iron absorption from lentils by reducing ferric iron to the more absorbable ferrous form.

(ACF) American Culinary Federation Certification Practice Test