ACBN Nutritionist MCQ 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in transamination reactions involving amino acid metabolism?
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) (Correct answer)
- Riboflavin (B2)
- Thiamin (B1)
Correct answer: Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6, is the essential coenzyme for all transamination reactions.
Question 2: A client with chronic kidney disease should restrict intake of which mineral to prevent hyperkalemia?
- Calcium
- Potassium (Correct answer)
- Magnesium
- Zinc
Correct answer: Potassium
Impaired kidneys cannot excrete potassium efficiently, so dietary restriction is necessary to prevent dangerous hyperkalemia.
Question 3: What glycemic index range classifies a food as 'low GI'?
- 0–30
- 0–55 (Correct answer)
- 56–69
- 70 and above
Correct answer: 0–55
Foods with a glycemic index of 55 or below are classified as low GI, producing a slower rise in blood glucose.
Question 4: Which form of iron is more bioavailable and found exclusively in animal foods?
- Non-heme iron
- Ferric iron
- Heme iron (Correct answer)
- Ferrous iron
Correct answer: Heme iron
Heme iron, derived from hemoglobin and myoglobin in animal tissues, is absorbed at a rate of 15–35%, far higher than non-heme iron.
Question 5: During pregnancy, which neural tube defect is most directly associated with inadequate folate intake?
- Hydrocephalus
- Spina bifida
- Anencephaly or spina bifida (Correct answer)
- Cerebral palsy
Correct answer: Anencephaly or spina bifida
Inadequate folate in early pregnancy increases the risk of both anencephaly and spina bifida, the two primary neural tube defects.
Question 6: Which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect of food (TEF)?
- Carbohydrates
- Fat
- Protein (Correct answer)
- Alcohol
Correct answer: Protein
Protein has a thermic effect of approximately 20–30%, significantly higher than carbohydrates (5–10%) or fat (0–3%).
Question 7: A registered nutritionist counseling a vegan client should emphasize supplementation of which nutrient above all others?
- Vitamin C
- Calcium
- Vitamin B12 (Correct answer)
- Iron
Correct answer: Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 is found almost exclusively in animal products; vegans have virtually no dietary source and must supplement to prevent deficiency.
ACBN Nutritionist MCQ 3
Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in transamination reactions involving amino acid metabolism?