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Occupational Toxicology Flashcards

7 cards from real ABT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Under OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom 2012), Safety Data Sheets (SDS) must follow which standardized format?

    Answer: GHS 16-section format

    OSHA's HazCom 2012 aligned with the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, mandating a standardized 16-section SDS.

  2. Carbon monoxide (CO) exerts its primary toxic effect by:

    Answer: Binding to hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, impairing oxygen delivery

    CO binds to hemoglobin with approximately 240 times greater affinity than oxygen, forming carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and severely reducing the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.

  3. Which aromatic amine is classically associated with occupational bladder cancer in dye manufacturing workers?

    Answer: 2-Naphthylamine (beta-naphthylamine)

    2-Naphthylamine is a potent bladder carcinogen that undergoes N-hydroxylation and concentrates in urine, causing urothelial tumors in exposed workers.

  4. The ACGIH Biological Exposure Index (BEI) represents:

    Answer: The biomarker level observed in healthy workers exposed at the TLV

    BEIs are reference values corresponding to biomarker levels found in healthy workers exposed at the TLV, used as guidelines for occupational biological monitoring programs.

  5. Chronic beryllium disease (CBD/berylliosis) is best characterized as:

    Answer: A granulomatous lung disease from cell-mediated hypersensitivity to beryllium

    CBD is a granulomatous lung disease occurring in genetically susceptible individuals (HLA-DPB1 Glu69+ carriers) through a cell-mediated (Type IV) immune response to beryllium.

  6. In occupational health, 'Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health' (IDLH) is defined as:

    Answer: The maximum concentration from which a worker can escape in 30 minutes without impairment

    IDLH is the maximum airborne concentration from which an unprotected worker could escape within 30 minutes without suffering escape-impairing or irreversible health effects.

  7. Which NIOSH respirator prefix indicates that the filter is strongly resistant (oil-proof) to oil-based aerosols?

    Answer: P (e.g., P100)

    In the NIOSH rating system, P-series filters (P95, P100) are oil-proof (strongly resistant to oil-based aerosols), while N-series are not resistant and R-series are somewhat resistant.