Alberta Basic Security Training Exam — Questions and Answers

Question 1: Which of the following is a primary reason why maintaining neutrality is a critical aspect of a security professional's communication during a dispute between two individuals?

To ensure a quicker resolution to the conflict.
To identify who is at fault more easily.
To build trust and ensure all parties perceive the security professional as fair and unbiased. (Correct answer)
To avoid personal involvement and reduce report writing time.

Correct answer: To build trust and ensure all parties perceive the security professional as fair and unbiased.

Maintaining neutrality is essential for a security professional acting as a mediator. By not taking sides, the professional fosters an environment where both parties feel they are being treated fairly. This impartiality is crucial for building the trust needed to de-escalate the situation and guide the individuals toward a peaceful resolution.

Question 2: A post-order explains your duties for a particular shift.

True (Correct answer)
False

Correct answer: True

A post-order is a crucial document in security operations that clearly outlines the specific duties, responsibilities, and procedures for a security professional during a particular shift or at a specific post. It serves as a guide to ensure consistent and effective performance of assigned tasks. Adhering to post-orders is a fundamental aspect of professional security work.

Question 3: In Alberta's court system, which court is the highest court of appeal within the province?

The Supreme Court of Canada
The Court of Appeal of Alberta (Correct answer)
The Court of King's Bench
The Alberta Court of Justice

Correct answer: The Court of Appeal of Alberta

The Court of Appeal of Alberta is the highest court in the province and hears appeals from decisions made by the Court of King's Bench and the Alberta Court of Justice. The Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court for the entire country, not just the province.

Question 4: What is the safest way for a security officer to move through a dense crowd?

Use a physical barrier to part the crowd
Shout loudly for people to move
Move sideways, use polite verbal warnings, and follow natural crowd flow (Correct answer)
Push through aggressively to clear the path

Correct answer: Move sideways, use polite verbal warnings, and follow natural crowd flow

Moving with the crowd flow while using verbal warnings prevents aggravating the crowd and causing further compression.

Question 5: Under what circumstances can a security guard use force?

Only when instructed by law enforcement
To protect themselves or others from harm (Correct answer)
To remove someone from private property
To enforce company policies

Correct answer: To protect themselves or others from harm

Security guards, like any citizen, are legally permitted to use reasonable force for the purpose of self-defense or the defense of others from harm. This authority is granted under the Criminal Code of Canada, which allows for the use of force that is necessary and proportionate to prevent an imminent threat. Force cannot be used simply to enforce company policies or remove someone unless there is a direct threat of harm.

Question 6: While on duty at a shopping mall, a security professional observes an individual shoplifting. According to the Criminal Code of Canada, what is the security professional's authority in this situation?

They are only authorized to observe and report and cannot detain the individual.
They have the same authority as a police officer to make an arrest.
They can perform a citizen's arrest because they witnessed an indictable offence. (Correct answer)
They must obtain a warrant before they can take any action.

Correct answer: They can perform a citizen's arrest because they witnessed an indictable offence.

Under Section 494 of the Criminal Code of Canada, any person, including a security professional, may arrest without a warrant someone they find committing an indictable offence. Shoplifting is considered an indictable offence. The security professional is acting as a private citizen in this capacity and must deliver the arrested person to a peace officer forthwith.

Question 7: Under the Security Services and Investigators Act regulations, what is a key requirement regarding the uniform worn by a security professional?

It must be approved by the local police service.
It must have the security professional's name embroidered on it.
It must be black or navy blue in color.
It must not resemble the uniform of a police officer. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It must not resemble the uniform of a police officer.

The regulations under the Security Services and Investigators Act explicitly state that a security professional's uniform must not resemble that of a police officer or other law enforcement agencies. This is to prevent public confusion and ensure a clear distinction between private security and public law enforcement.

Question 8: What is the main goal of conflict resolution training for security guards?

To eliminate the need for verbal communication in the field
To teach security guards to physically overpower any subject
To equip security guards to resolve disputes with minimum force and maximum safety (Correct answer)
To memorize police arrest procedures

Correct answer: To equip security guards to resolve disputes with minimum force and maximum safety

Conflict resolution training equips security guards to handle disputes safely and professionally, using the least force necessary to protect people and property.

Question 9: What is the main purpose of security patrols?

To deter crime, detect threats, and ensure safety through visible presence (Correct answer)
To give the officer exercise
To check that lights are working
To socialize with employees

Correct answer: To deter crime, detect threats, and ensure safety through visible presence

Patrols deter criminal activity through visible presence and allow early detection of threats or hazards.

Question 10: The hazard assessment should be an ongoing process.

True (Correct answer)
False

Correct answer: True

Hazard assessment is not a one-time event but a continuous process. Work environments and conditions can change, introducing new hazards or altering existing ones. Regular and ongoing hazard assessments ensure that potential risks are continuously identified, evaluated, and controlled, maintaining a safe working environment for security professionals and others.

Question 11: A 'soft barrier' in crowd control refers to:

A team of officers forming a line
A verbal warning zone
A padded wall
Ropes, stanchions, or fencing used to guide crowd flow (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Ropes, stanchions, or fencing used to guide crowd flow

Soft barriers like ropes and stanchions physically guide crowd movement without aggression.

Question 12: Under Section 494 of the Criminal Code, after performing a citizen's arrest, a security guard must:

Impose a fine and release the individual
Deliver the person to a peace officer as soon as reasonably possible (Correct answer)
Hold the person until the property owner decides what to do
Detain the person indefinitely until a court date

Correct answer: Deliver the person to a peace officer as soon as reasonably possible

After a citizen's arrest, the law requires the arresting person to deliver the detained individual to a peace officer as soon as reasonably possible.

Question 13: Which of the following best describes the principle of 'professional deportment' for a security professional?

Maintaining a professional appearance and a calm, courteous demeanor. (Correct answer)
Conducting frequent and random patrols of the assigned area.
Having advanced knowledge of all site-specific emergency procedures.
Completing detailed and accurate incident reports.

Correct answer: Maintaining a professional appearance and a calm, courteous demeanor.

Professional deportment refers to a security professional's conduct and appearance. This includes being well-groomed, wearing a proper uniform, and interacting with the public in a calm, respectful, and courteous manner. It is a key component of professionalism in the security industry.

Question 14: What is the primary purpose of de-escalation techniques for a security guard?

To gather evidence before making an arrest
To demonstrate authority over a subject
To reduce tension and resolve a conflict without physical intervention (Correct answer)
To delay a response until police arrive

Correct answer: To reduce tension and resolve a conflict without physical intervention

De-escalation techniques aim to reduce tension and resolve conflicts peacefully, avoiding the need for physical intervention whenever possible.

Question 15: _________________ utilized by licensed security professionals must be authorized by the Registrar.

Handcuffs
Pepper spray
Firearms
Batons (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Batons

Any specialized equipment utilized by licensed security professionals, such as batons, must be authorized by the Registrar under the Security Services and Investigators Act. This ensures that only approved and properly trained individuals use specific tools, maintaining public safety and accountability. Firearms and pepper spray are generally not permitted for security professionals in Alberta.

Question 16: When documenting an incident in a notebook, which of the following is a critical rule to ensure its admissibility and credibility in court?

Using a pencil to allow for easy corrections and updates.
Removing pages with errors to keep the notebook tidy.
Drawing a single line through any errors and initialing the change. (Correct answer)
Leaving blank spaces between entries to add more details later.

Correct answer: Drawing a single line through any errors and initialing the change.

To maintain the integrity of a security professional's notebook as a legal document, all entries must be permanent and unaltered. If an error is made, the correct procedure is to cross it out with a single line so it remains legible, and then initial the change to show who made the correction and when. Removing pages, leaving blank spaces, or using erasable ink can compromise the notebook's credibility and suggest that the notes have been tampered with.

Question 17: A security professional in Alberta is required to present their license upon request. Which of the following parties is NOT explicitly mentioned as someone they must show their license to?

An on-duty firefighter (Correct answer)
Their direct supervisor
A member of the public
A police officer

Correct answer: An on-duty firefighter

While it is good practice to cooperate with all emergency services, legislation like Ontario's similar Private Security and Investigative Services Act, which mirrors common requirements, specifies that a license must be shown to police, employers, and any member of the public who asks. There is no specific legal requirement to present it to a firefighter unless they are acting in a law enforcement capacity.

Question 18: While on duty, a security professional is advised by their employer's policy not to physically intervene in any situation. However, they witness a serious assault in progress. Under the Criminal Code, what is the security professional's legal standing?

They are granted the same intervention powers as a peace officer in this scenario.
They are only permitted to intervene if the victim is a client or employee on the property.
They must adhere strictly to the employer's policy and can be charged if they intervene.
Their legal authority to act as a private citizen under the Criminal Code may supersede the employer's policy in certain situations. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Their legal authority to act as a private citizen under the Criminal Code may supersede the employer's policy in certain situations.

A security professional's powers of arrest and use of force are derived from the Criminal Code, which applies to all private citizens. While company policy is important, the Criminal Code provides legal authority to act (e.g., make a citizen's arrest, use reasonable force to prevent an offence) that is independent of employer policy. A restrictive policy does not remove these legal rights, although acting against policy may have employment consequences.

Question 19: You can be held criminally responsible if you use excessive force.

False
True (Correct answer)

Correct answer: True

Security professionals, like all citizens, are legally accountable for their actions. Using excessive force, meaning force beyond what is reasonably necessary for self-defense or to effect a lawful arrest, can lead to criminal charges. This principle underscores the importance of using only necessary and proportionate force in any given situation.

Question 20: What is the primary responsibility of a security guard during an emergency?

Ensure personal safety first (Correct answer)
Prevent the media from accessing the scene
Take control of all operations at the site
Manage and direct emergency services

Correct answer: Ensure personal safety first

In any emergency situation, a security guard's paramount responsibility is to ensure their own personal safety first. This principle, often called "safety first," allows the guard to remain effective and avoid becoming another casualty, which would further complicate the emergency response. Once personal safety is secured, they can then focus on their other duties, such as assisting others and managing the scene.

Question 21: Under Alberta's Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Act, workers have three fundamental rights. These are the right to know, the right to participate, and the right to:

receive premium pay for hazardous tasks.
demand immediate supervisor dismissal.
ignore safety regulations they deem unnecessary.
refuse unsafe work. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: refuse unsafe work.

The three basic rights for workers under Alberta OHS are the right to know about workplace hazards, the right to participate in health and safety matters, and the right to refuse work they believe is unsafe without fear of reprisal.

Question 22: What should a security officer do if they observe suspicious activity during a patrol?

Confront the suspect alone immediately
Observe and gather information, report to supervisor, and follow instructions (Correct answer)
Ignore it if no crime has occurred yet
Chase the suspect off the property

Correct answer: Observe and gather information, report to supervisor, and follow instructions

Observing and reporting suspicious activity follows safe protocol and allows a coordinated response without unnecessary risk.

Question 23: Security professionals are tasked with the protection of persons, property, and:

Information (Correct answer)
Assets
Livelihood
Environment

Correct answer: Information

Security professionals are primarily tasked with the protection of persons, property, and information. While assets and livelihood are related, 'information' specifically refers to sensitive data, intellectual property, and confidential records that require safeguarding in various organizational contexts. This broad scope reflects the diverse responsibilities of modern security roles.

Question 24: When documenting an incident in a notebook, which principle is most critical for ensuring the notes can be used as evidence?

Using personal shorthand to write notes faster.
Including personal opinions about who was at fault.
Recording information that is objective, factual, and chronological. (Correct answer)
Waiting until the end of the shift to write down all details from memory.

Correct answer: Recording information that is objective, factual, and chronological.

Security reports and notes must be objective, factual, accurate, and written in chronological order to be considered credible evidence. Opinions, assumptions, and unverified information should be avoided. Notes should be taken at the time of the incident or as soon as possible thereafter to ensure accuracy.

Question 25: With consent of both parties, an employer may attempt to resolve an issue between a security professional and a complainant.

True (Correct answer)
False

Correct answer: True

In Alberta Basic Security Training, it is understood that employers can play a role in mediating disputes. With the explicit consent of both the security professional and the complainant, an employer is permitted to attempt to resolve an issue. This process aims to find an amicable solution and can prevent further escalation or formal complaints.

Question 26: After a serious security incident, such as a physical altercation, has been resolved and emergency services have been contacted, what is a security professional's most important follow-up responsibility?

Completing a detailed and accurate incident report as soon as possible. (Correct answer)
Discussing the incident with other staff to get their perspectives.
Cleaning the area where the incident occurred to restore normalcy.
Immediately taking personal time off to de-stress.

Correct answer: Completing a detailed and accurate incident report as soon as possible.

Thorough and accurate documentation is a critical component of emergency response and post-incident procedure. An incident report serves as an official record for legal, insurance, and internal review purposes. It must be completed while the details are fresh in the professional's mind to ensure accuracy.

Question 27: In an active shooter scenario, what is the recommended initial action?

Lock or barricade yourself and others in a safe location (Correct answer)
Ignore the situation and continue patrol duties
Attempt to disarm the shooter immediately
Confront the shooter to divert their attention

Correct answer: Lock or barricade yourself and others in a safe location

In an active shooter scenario, the recommended initial action, often summarized as "Run, Hide, Fight," prioritizes self-preservation. If evacuation is not possible, the next best step is to hide by locking or barricading oneself and others in a secure location, making it difficult for the shooter to gain access. Confronting the shooter should only be a last resort when lives are in imminent danger and no other option exists.

Question 28: Which of the following best describes the role of CCTV in a security program?

CCTV supports officers by providing surveillance coverage and recorded evidence (Correct answer)
CCTV is only useful after an incident occurs
CCTV is used exclusively to monitor employees
CCTV replaces the need for security officers

Correct answer: CCTV supports officers by providing surveillance coverage and recorded evidence

CCTV enhances security by extending surveillance reach and providing recorded footage for incident investigation.

Question 29: Which of the '5 W's and H' is being addressed when a security professional documents the 'actions taken' in an incident report?

Why
How (Correct answer)
What
Who

Correct answer: How

The 'actions taken' section of an incident report explains 'How' the security professional responded to the incident. It details the sequence of events and steps taken to manage, control, or resolve the situation, such as notifying supervisors, contacting emergency services, or preserving the scene. 'What' describes the incident itself, 'Who' identifies the people involved, and 'Why' often involves speculation which should be avoided.

Question 30: While conducting a foot patrol at a shopping mall, a security professional notices an individual trying the handles of several parked cars in the parking lot. According to the principle of 'finds committing', what is the security professional's authority in this situation?

To only observe and report the activity to the police.
To use any force necessary to stop the individual.
To ask the individual for their identification and search their bag.
To immediately arrest the individual for attempted theft. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To immediately arrest the individual for attempted theft.

Under Section 494 of the Criminal Code, a property owner or their authorized agent (like a security guard) can arrest without a warrant a person whom they find committing a criminal offence on or in relation to that property. Trying car door handles is a clear attempt at theft, which is a criminal offense the guard is witnessing firsthand.

Question 31: Which of the following is the PRIMARY purpose of conducting regular security patrols?

To ensure employees are following company policies.
To deter, detect, and respond to potential security incidents. (Correct answer)
To project an image of authority to the public.
To provide customer service and directions to visitors.

Correct answer: To deter, detect, and respond to potential security incidents.

The core function of security patrols is to prevent incidents from happening (deter), identify any unusual or unauthorized activity (detect), and take appropriate action when an incident occurs (respond). While other options can be secondary duties, the primary goal is always focused on security and safety.

Question 32: Which technique helps prevent crowd crush at a venue entrance?

Staggered or controlled entry with queuing systems (Correct answer)
Allowing VIPs only
Letting everyone in at once
Closing the entrance entirely

Correct answer: Staggered or controlled entry with queuing systems

Staggered entry prevents dangerous pile-ups by regulating the flow of people entering.

Question 33: What should a security guard do immediately after using physical force on a subject?

Document the incident thoroughly and notify their supervisor (Correct answer)
Leave the scene to avoid further confrontation
Confiscate the subject's personal belongings as evidence
Continue patrolling without interruption

Correct answer: Document the incident thoroughly and notify their supervisor

After any use of force, a security guard must document the incident in detail and notify their supervisor to ensure accountability and legal protection.

Question 34: A security professional is tasked with performing a 'fire watch' because the building's sprinkler system is temporarily out of service. What is the main duty associated with this role?

Keeping a detailed log of everyone who enters and exits the building.
Repairing the faulty sprinkler system as quickly as possible.
Manually activating the fire alarm every hour to test its functionality.
Patrolling the designated areas to detect any signs of fire and being prepared to alert occupants and emergency services. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Patrolling the designated areas to detect any signs of fire and being prepared to alert occupants and emergency services.

A fire watch is implemented when fire suppression or detection systems are non-functional. The security professional's duty is to act as a human monitoring system, actively patrolling for any evidence of a fire (smoke, flames, unusual odours) and to be ready to initiate emergency procedures, including alerting people and calling the fire department.

Question 35: Which of the following BEST describes the primary difference between criminal law and civil law in the Canadian legal system?

Criminal law cases are heard in the Court of King's Bench, while civil cases are heard in the Provincial Court.
Criminal law focuses on punishing acts against society, while civil law aims to resolve private disputes between individuals or organizations. (Correct answer)
The standard of proof in criminal law is a 'balance of probabilities', whereas in civil law it is 'beyond a reasonable doubt'.
Criminal law involves federal statutes, while civil law is exclusively based on provincial statutes.

Correct answer: Criminal law focuses on punishing acts against society, while civil law aims to resolve private disputes between individuals or organizations.

Criminal law deals with offences against the state or society as a whole (e.g., theft, assault) and aims to punish offenders. Civil law addresses private disputes between parties (e.g., contract breaches, property damage) and seeks to provide compensation or remedies.

Question 36: What does the term 'duty of care' require of a security guard who has restrained a subject?

To release the subject within five minutes regardless of circumstances
To immediately transfer all responsibility to law enforcement
To secure the subject and leave the area
To ensure the subject's physical wellbeing while they are under the guard's control (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To ensure the subject's physical wellbeing while they are under the guard's control

Once a security guard has restrained a subject, they have a duty of care to monitor the subject's physical condition and ensure their safety until transferred to police.

Question 37: Which of the following is a security guard's responsibility when monitoring access control systems?

Repairing technical issues with the system
Reprogramming the access system as needed
Preventing authorized individuals from entering
Reporting and documenting any irregularities or breaches (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Reporting and documenting any irregularities or breaches

A security guard's responsibility when monitoring access control systems is primarily observational and responsive. They are tasked with diligently watching the system for any unusual activity, unauthorized access attempts, or system malfunctions. Crucially, they must accurately report and document any irregularities or breaches according to established procedures, ensuring that security incidents are recorded and addressed.

Question 38: Which of the following actions could lead to a security guard being held liable?

Failing to turn over a detainee to the police promptly
All of the above (Correct answer)
Arresting someone without reasonable grounds
Using excessive force during an arrest

Correct answer: All of the above

Security guards are legally accountable for their actions, and several missteps can lead to liability. Arresting someone without reasonable grounds constitutes unlawful confinement, using excessive force during an arrest can result in assault charges, and failing to promptly turn over a detainee to the police can also lead to legal repercussions. Any of these actions can expose the guard and their employer to civil lawsuits or criminal charges.

Question 39: Which of the following is the best example of an emergency procedure for a fire?

Evacuating people to a safe location and contacting the fire department (Correct answer)
Waiting for law enforcement before taking action
Locking the building to prevent theft during the fire
Attempting to extinguish all fires immediately

Correct answer: Evacuating people to a safe location and contacting the fire department

In a fire emergency, the immediate priorities are life safety and alerting professional responders. The best action for a security guard is to facilitate the safe evacuation of occupants to designated assembly points and promptly contact the fire department. Attempting to extinguish all fires is dangerous and should only be done if the fire is small, contained, and the guard is trained and equipped to do so without risk.

Question 40: A security professional is patrolling a private property and witnesses an individual breaking into a vehicle. According to Section 494 of the Criminal Code of Canada, what is the most appropriate initial action for the security professional to take?

Verbally confront the individual and demand they return any stolen items.
Observe from a distance and wait for the property owner to arrive before acting.
Use any force necessary to immediately subdue and search the individual.
Arrest the individual and immediately notify law enforcement. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Arrest the individual and immediately notify law enforcement.

Section 494 of the Criminal Code of Canada allows any person, including a security professional, to arrest without a warrant someone they find committing an indictable offence. After making a citizen's arrest, the individual must be delivered to a peace officer forthwith.

Question 41: What is a 'blind spot' in a security surveillance context?

A room with no lighting
An officer with poor eyesight
A camera that is pointed at the ground
An area not covered by CCTV cameras or direct observation (Correct answer)

Correct answer: An area not covered by CCTV cameras or direct observation

Blind spots are gaps in camera or patrol coverage where criminal activity could go undetected.

Question 42: What is the main legal authority for a security guard to make an arrest in Alberta?

The Trespass to Premises
The Private Security Regulation Act
The Police Act
The Criminal Code of Canada (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The Criminal Code of Canada

In Canada, the primary legal authority for a security guard to make an arrest, often referred to as a citizen's arrest, is derived from the Criminal Code of Canada. Section 494 of this federal legislation outlines the specific conditions under which any person, including a security guard, may lawfully arrest an individual. While other provincial acts govern security operations, the power to arrest stems from federal criminal law.

Question 43: What does pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) capability on a CCTV camera allow?

The operator to remotely adjust the camera's direction and zoom level (Correct answer)
The camera to broadcast live to the internet
The camera to record in color only
The camera to activate an alarm automatically

Correct answer: The operator to remotely adjust the camera's direction and zoom level

PTZ cameras allow operators to remotely track subjects and zoom in on details without moving the physical camera position.

Question 44: The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects individuals from unreasonable search and seizure by government agents. What is the primary implication of this for a security professional acting as a private citizen?

They are not bound by the Charter because they are not government agents, but they still cannot search individuals without consent or legal justification. (Correct answer)
They have the same search powers as a police officer upon making a citizen's arrest.
They can search anyone they have arrested without any restrictions.
They must obtain a warrant before searching any person or their belongings.

Correct answer: They are not bound by the Charter because they are not government agents, but they still cannot search individuals without consent or legal justification.

The Charter primarily applies to actions by the government and its agents (like police). While a security professional is a private citizen and not directly bound by the Charter in the same way, common law and the Criminal Code still place strict limits on their ability to search individuals. A search without consent is generally illegal and can constitute assault, unless it is conducted as a safety measure incidental to a lawful arrest.

Question 45: Under the Canadian Criminal Code, a security guard performing a citizen's arrest may detain a person who:

Appears suspicious based on appearance
Is found committing a criminal offence (Correct answer)
Is loitering on private property
Is suspected of any crime at any time

Correct answer: Is found committing a criminal offence

Under Section 494 of the Criminal Code, a citizen's arrest is lawful when a person is actually found committing an indictable offence.

Question 46: Working the night shift is an example of a low-risk duty.

False (Correct answer)
True

Correct answer: False

Working the night shift is generally considered a higher-risk duty, not a low-risk one. Night shifts often involve reduced visibility, fewer personnel, increased potential for encountering intoxicated individuals or criminal activity, and the physiological challenges of working against natural circadian rhythms. These factors contribute to a heightened risk profile compared to day shifts.

Question 47: Which of the following describes the security professional's main responsibility during a building evacuation?

Fighting the fire or containing the hazard that caused the evacuation.
Directing people to the nearest exits and then to the designated muster point. (Correct answer)
Searching every room to ensure they are empty before leaving.
Locking all exterior doors to prevent unauthorized entry after everyone is out.

Correct answer: Directing people to the nearest exits and then to the designated muster point.

During an evacuation, a security professional's key role is to facilitate the safe and orderly exit of all occupants. This involves providing clear directions, maintaining calm, and guiding people towards pre-determined safe assembly areas (muster points). Comprehensive searches should be left to emergency services (e.g., the fire department).

Question 48: What is a security guard's responsibility during a hazardous material spill?

Ignore the spill if it appears contained
Attempt to clean the spill immediately
Transport the hazardous material to a safer location
Secure the area and alert appropriate authorities (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Secure the area and alert appropriate authorities

When encountering a hazardous material spill, a security guard's primary responsibility is to ensure the safety of themselves and others by securing the area to prevent further exposure or spread. They must then immediately alert the appropriate emergency services, such as the fire department or a hazmat team, who are trained and equipped to handle such incidents. Attempting to clean the spill without proper training and equipment can be extremely dangerous.

Question 49: When a security guard uses verbal judo, they are:

Using calm, strategic language to redirect behaviour and reduce conflict (Correct answer)
Documenting verbal threats made by a subject
Yelling commands to intimidate a subject into compliance
Reciting legal warnings before making physical contact

Correct answer: Using calm, strategic language to redirect behaviour and reduce conflict

Verbal judo involves using calm, empathetic, and strategic language to redirect a person's behaviour and resolve conflict without physical force.

Question 50: Which of the following best describes 'passive resistance' in the use of force model?

A subject actively pushing or pulling against a security guard
A subject verbally threatening security but not moving
A subject refusing to comply with lawful direction without physical aggression (Correct answer)
A subject fleeing the scene at high speed

Correct answer: A subject refusing to comply with lawful direction without physical aggression

Passive resistance occurs when a subject refuses to comply with lawful direction but does not physically attack or aggress against the security guard.

Question 51: A key principle of 'observe and report' means a security officer should:

Document and report all observations accurately without personal interpretation or alteration (Correct answer)
Delay reports until the end of the shift
Only report what a supervisor specifically asks about
Only report crimes that were witnessed personally

Correct answer: Document and report all observations accurately without personal interpretation or alteration

Accurate, unbiased observation and prompt reporting ensures decision-makers have reliable information to act on.

Question 52: During a patrol, a security officer smells smoke but cannot see flames. They should:

Open all windows to ventilate the building
Investigate cautiously, activate the fire alarm if warranted, and follow the emergency plan (Correct answer)
Ignore it until they see visible fire
Immediately evacuate the building alone without alerting anyone

Correct answer: Investigate cautiously, activate the fire alarm if warranted, and follow the emergency plan

A smell of smoke requires investigation and may warrant activating the alarm and following the established emergency response plan.

Question 53: A public complaint against an individual security license holder must be filed within _____ days of the alleged incident.

30
60
90 (Correct answer)
120

Correct answer: 90

A public complaint against an individual security license holder in Alberta must be filed within 90 days of the alleged incident. This timeframe is set by the Security Services and Investigators Act to ensure that complaints are brought forward in a timely manner, allowing for effective investigation and resolution while evidence and memories are still fresh.

Question 54: A security professional is asked by a member of the public for information about the building's security systems. The professional knows that this information is confidential. What is the most appropriate response?

Direct the person to your supervisor to make the decision.
Politely decline to provide the information, explaining that it is confidential for security reasons. (Correct answer)
Provide general, non-sensitive information to be helpful.
Disclose the information, as customer service is a top priority.

Correct answer: Politely decline to provide the information, explaining that it is confidential for security reasons.

Security professionals have a duty to protect confidential information. The most appropriate and professional response is to politely and firmly decline the request, providing a brief, general reason (e.g., for safety and security). Disclosing any information could create a security risk. While involving a supervisor is an option, the professional should be confident in denying requests for confidential data.

Question 55: When taking a statement from a witness after an incident, what is the most critical piece of information to obtain and record, besides their account of the event?

Their emotional reaction to the event.
Their opinion on who was at fault.
Their previous history of witnessing incidents.
Their full name and contact information. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Their full name and contact information.

While the witness's account is crucial, obtaining their full name and contact information is essential for any follow-up that may be required by supervisors, clients, or law enforcement. Without this information, the statement may be of limited use as it cannot be properly verified or followed up on.

Question 56: What is 'post orders' in security terminology?

A command from a superior officer to take a position
Written instructions specific to a site that detail an officer's duties, procedures, and responsibilities at that location (Correct answer)
The schedule for officer rotation
Instructions for ordering supplies at a security post

Correct answer: Written instructions specific to a site that detail an officer's duties, procedures, and responsibilities at that location

Post orders are site-specific written guidelines that define exactly what an officer must do at that particular assignment.

Question 57: What does 'proportionality' mean in the context of a security guard's use of force?

Security guards must use the same technique every time
Force used must always be greater than the threat to ensure safety
Force used must be reasonably matched to the level of threat or resistance (Correct answer)
Force is only proportional if approved by a supervisor first

Correct answer: Force used must be reasonably matched to the level of threat or resistance

Proportionality requires that the force used by a security guard corresponds appropriately to the level of threat or resistance presented by the subject.

Question 58: While patrolling a parkade, a security professional notices a large puddle of clear, odorless liquid on the floor in a dimly lit corner. There are no warning signs present. What is the most significant and immediate health and safety hazard this situation presents?

A slip and fall hazard. (Correct answer)
A fire hazard from a flammable liquid.
An air quality concern.
A potential biohazard risk.

Correct answer: A slip and fall hazard.

While other hazards could exist, the most immediate, common, and likely danger in this scenario is that a person could slip on the liquid, fall, and sustain an injury. Hazard identification requires recognizing the most direct and probable risk first, which in this case is a slip and fall.

Question 59: What does "reasonable grounds" mean in the context of a security guard's authority?

A belief based on evidence that would convince a reasonable person (Correct answer)
A directive from the employer
A suspicion based on a hunch
An assumption based on past behavior

Correct answer: A belief based on evidence that would convince a reasonable person

"Reasonable grounds" signifies a standard of belief that is objectively justifiable, meaning there must be factual evidence or observations that would lead an ordinary, prudent person to conclude that an offense has occurred or is about to occur. It is a higher standard than mere suspicion or a hunch, requiring concrete information to support actions like an arrest or search. This standard is crucial for ensuring legal and ethical security practices.

Question 60: What is the primary purpose of access control in a security setting?

To detect fire hazards
To prevent theft of company assets
To ensure only authorized individuals enter restricted areas (Correct answer)
To monitor employees' work hours

Correct answer: To ensure only authorized individuals enter restricted areas

The primary purpose of access control in a security setting is to regulate and restrict entry to specific areas or facilities, ensuring that only authorized individuals can gain access. This measure is fundamental for protecting assets, sensitive information, and personnel by preventing unauthorized intrusion. It helps maintain the security and integrity of a location.

Question 61: When completing a use of force report, which of the following is MOST important to include?

Only the outcome of the incident without background details
A summary written entirely from the subject's point of view
The security guard's personal opinion of the subject's character
An objective factual account of events, actions taken, and justification for force used (Correct answer)

Correct answer: An objective factual account of events, actions taken, and justification for force used

A use of force report must include an objective, factual, and complete account of events and the justification for force used to ensure legal accountability.

Question 62: If a fight breaks out in a crowd, a security officer's immediate priority is to:

Evacuate the entire venue
Isolate the individuals involved and prevent the conflict from spreading (Correct answer)
Join the fight to stop it faster
Wait for police before acting

Correct answer: Isolate the individuals involved and prevent the conflict from spreading

Isolating those involved prevents the altercation from drawing in bystanders and escalating.

Question 63: Why is proper lighting important for security surveillance at night?

It reduces electricity costs
It improves CCTV image quality and deters criminal activity (Correct answer)
It helps security officers stay awake
It is required only for parking lots

Correct answer: It improves CCTV image quality and deters criminal activity

Adequate lighting enhances camera visibility and acts as a deterrent since criminals prefer to operate in darkness.

Question 64: Do not tell an individual they are being interviewed or they may stop telling the truth.

True
False (Correct answer)

Correct answer: False

It is generally recommended to inform an individual that they are being interviewed. Transparency can build trust and encourage cooperation, rather than deterring truthfulness. While the term 'interview' might sound formal, clearly stating the purpose of questioning helps maintain ethical standards and ensures the individual understands the context of the conversation.

Question 65: Which of the following is part of a well-prepared emergency response plan?

A list of emergency contacts and their roles
Evacuation routes and designated assembly points
All of the above (Correct answer)
Pre-approved instructions for media communication

Correct answer: All of the above

A comprehensive emergency response plan includes multiple critical components to ensure an organized and effective reaction to various incidents. This encompasses clear communication protocols, such as a list of emergency contacts and their roles, detailed safety procedures like evacuation routes and designated assembly points, and defined responsibilities for all personnel involved. All these elements are vital for minimizing harm and managing emergencies efficiently.

Question 66: A security professional in Alberta is required to be licensed. Who is the governing body responsible for issuing this license?

The local municipal police service.
A private industry-led association.
The Government of Alberta, specifically through Alberta Justice. (Correct answer)
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP).

Correct answer: The Government of Alberta, specifically through Alberta Justice.

In Alberta, the licensing of security professionals is a provincial responsibility managed under the Security Services and Investigators Act. Alberta Justice is the government body that issues these licenses, ensuring all applicants meet the required standards.

Question 67: Why is it important for security officers to know the venue layout before an event?

To find the best parking spot
To efficiently respond to incidents and guide people to exits (Correct answer)
To memorize the menu
To rearrange furniture as needed

Correct answer: To efficiently respond to incidents and guide people to exits

Knowing the layout allows officers to respond quickly to emergencies and direct crowds to safety.

Question 68: What must a security guard do immediately after making a citizen's arrest?

Detain the individual until the employer arrives
Inform the individual of the charges against them
Conduct a search of the individual
Turn the individual over to law enforcement without delay (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Turn the individual over to law enforcement without delay

After making a citizen's arrest, a security guard's authority to detain the individual is strictly limited and temporary. The Criminal Code of Canada mandates that the arrested person must be turned over to a peace officer (police) without delay. Failure to promptly deliver the detainee to law enforcement can result in the security guard being held legally liable for unlawful confinement.

Question 69: After resolving a conflict through de-escalation, what is the security guard's next priority?

Celebrate the successful outcome without further action
Immediately pursue the subject to gather more information
Document the incident accurately and report it to their supervisor (Correct answer)
Search the subject for weapons as a precaution

Correct answer: Document the incident accurately and report it to their supervisor

Even after a successful de-escalation, the security guard must document the incident fully and report to their supervisor to maintain accountability and a record of the event.

Question 70: What is a security guard's role during a medical emergency?

Diagnose the victim's condition before calling an ambulance
Perform CPR or first aid if trained and certified (Correct answer)
Wait for emergency services to arrive without intervening
Provide advanced medical care to the victim

Correct answer: Perform CPR or first aid if trained and certified

During a medical emergency, a security guard's role is to provide immediate assistance within the scope of their training and certification. If they are trained and certified in CPR or first aid, they should administer it while waiting for professional medical services to arrive. Their responsibilities also include securing the scene, calling for help, and providing comfort, but not diagnosing conditions or providing advanced medical care.

Question 71: When controlling an unruly crowd, a security officer should first:

Lock all exits
Attempt verbal de-escalation and clear communication (Correct answer)
Call police immediately
Use physical force to disperse the crowd

Correct answer: Attempt verbal de-escalation and clear communication

Verbal de-escalation is always the first step before escalating to other measures.

Question 72: Section _____ of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms refers to being detained or imprisoned.

15
7
9 (Correct answer)
11

Correct answer: 9

Section 9 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms specifically states that 'Everyone has the right not to be arbitrarily detained or imprisoned.' This section protects individuals from unlawful arrest or detention by authorities, including security professionals acting under certain powers. It's a fundamental right related to personal liberty.

Question 73: What is the purpose of a pre-event briefing for security staff?

To ensure all officers know the venue layout, roles, communication channels, and emergency procedures (Correct answer)
To review the entertainment lineup
To distribute uniforms only
To assign officers their lunch breaks

Correct answer: To ensure all officers know the venue layout, roles, communication channels, and emergency procedures

Pre-event briefings align all security staff on their responsibilities, communication protocols, and emergency plans.

Question 74: Which law governs a security guard's ability to ask someone to leave private property in Alberta?

The Charter of Rights and Freedoms
The Private Security Regulation Act
The Criminal Code of Canada
The Trespass to Premises Act (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The Trespass to Premises Act

In Alberta, a security guard's ability to ask someone to leave private property is primarily governed by the provincial Trespass to Premises Act. This legislation defines what constitutes trespassing and grants property owners, or their authorized agents, the legal right to remove individuals who are unlawfully present on their land. It provides the legal framework for managing access and maintaining order on private property.

Question 75: Leave space between entries so you can come back and add details later when you remember them.

True
False (Correct answer)

Correct answer: False

When maintaining security logs or notebooks, it is critical to ensure that all entries are continuous and complete. Leaving blank spaces between entries is considered poor practice because it creates opportunities for unauthorized additions or alterations later, which can compromise the integrity and credibility of the record. Entries should be chronological and filled without gaps.

Alberta Basic Security Training Exam

This exam certifies individuals to work as security guards in Alberta, ensuring they possess the foundational knowledge required for the role.

Questions

60 min

Time Limit

60%

To Pass

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