ABPN Neurological Examination and Conditions 2

Question 1

A patient cannot abduct the eye on the affected side and reports horizontal diplopia worse at distance. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Abducens (CN VI)

Answer

Oculomotor (CN III)

Answer

Trochlear (CN IV)

Answer

Optic (CN II)

Question 2

A positive Romberg sign indicates a deficit primarily in which system?

Accepted Answer

Proprioceptive/dorsal column pathways

Answer

Cerebellar coordination

Answer

Corticospinal motor tract

Answer

Vestibular canal function only

Question 3

The plantar (Babinski) reflex is considered pathological in an adult when the great toe does what?

Accepted Answer

Extends upward (dorsiflexes)

Answer

Flexes downward

Answer

Does not move

Answer

Curls medially

Question 4

Which finding best distinguishes an upper motor neuron lesion from a lower motor neuron lesion?

Accepted Answer

Hyperreflexia and spasticity

Answer

Fasciculations and atrophy

Answer

Flaccid paralysis

Answer

Absent reflexes

Question 5

A patient with resting tremor, bradykinesia, and cogwheel rigidity most likely has dysfunction of which structure?

Accepted Answer

Substantia nigra

Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Broca's area

Question 6

Testing the corneal reflex primarily assesses which two cranial nerves?

Accepted Answer

CN V and VII

Answer

CN II and III

Answer

CN IX and X

Answer

CN VII and VIII

Question 7

Pronator drift, where one arm slowly pronates and drifts downward with eyes closed, indicates a lesion of which tract?

Accepted Answer

Contralateral corticospinal tract

Answer

Spinothalamic tract

Answer

Dorsal column

Answer

Spinocerebellar tract