ABP Periodontal Medicine and Systemic Health

Question 1

In the 2017 AAP/EFP staging and grading framework, a patient with diabetes and an HbA1c of 7.0% or higher is assigned which grade modifier?

Accepted Answer

Grade C

Answer

Diabetes with HbA1c of 7.0% or higher is a risk modifier that places the patient in Grade C (rapid progression). Diabetes with HbA1c below 7.0% is Grade B.

Question 2

On average, non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with what change in HbA1c at about 3 months?

Accepted Answer

A reduction of about 0.4%

Answer

Meta-analyses show a modest but clinically meaningful HbA1c reduction of roughly 0.3 to 0.5% after periodontal treatment. This is comparable to adding a second oral glucose-lowering agent.

Question 3

Which patient requires antibiotic prophylaxis before invasive periodontal procedures under the current AHA infective endocarditis guidelines?

Accepted Answer

A patient with a prosthetic cardiac valve

Answer

Prophylaxis is reserved for the highest-risk conditions: a prosthetic cardiac valve or prosthetic material used for valve repair, previous infective endocarditis, certain congenital heart disease, and cardiac transplant with valvulopathy.

Question 4

Elevated sex hormones during pregnancy are associated with increased subgingival levels of which organism?

Accepted Answer

Prevotella intermedia

Answer

P. intermedia can use estradiol and progesterone as substitutes for vitamin K (menadione). This contributes to pregnancy gingivitis and pyogenic granuloma.

Question 5

Which systemic inflammatory marker, produced by the liver in response to IL-6, is most consistently elevated in patients with severe periodontitis?

Accepted Answer

C-reactive protein

Answer

C-reactive protein is an acute-phase reactant. Severe periodontitis is associated with higher levels, which fall after periodontal therapy. This is one proposed link to cardiovascular risk.

(ABP) American Board of Periodontology Practice Test

(ABP) American Board of Periodontology Practice Test

ABP Periodontal Medicine and Systemic Health