ABP Pharmacology and Antimicrobials Flashcards
6 cards from real ABP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 ABP Pharmacology and Antimicrobials flashcards as text
Minocycline microspheres (Arestin) are bioresorbable and release drug for approximately how long after subgingival placement?
Answer: 14 days
Arestin microspheres provide sustained minocycline release for approximately 14 days within the periodontal pocket following subgingival placement.
A patient taking cyclosporine A following organ transplantation develops gingival enlargement. Which co-administered drug most significantly worsens this condition?
Answer: Nifedipine
Nifedipine co-administration with cyclosporine dramatically increases the severity of gingival enlargement due to synergistic fibroblast stimulation.
Which systemic antibiotic demonstrates concentration-dependent killing and is effective in a single daily dose for treating severe refractory periodontitis?
Answer: Ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin exhibits concentration-dependent bactericidal activity and achieves effective tissue levels with once-daily dosing, targeting gram-negative periodontal pathogens.
In the context of periodontal therapy, what is the primary benefit of using locally delivered antimicrobials (LDA) compared to systemic antibiotics?
Answer: Reduced systemic side effects and high local drug concentrations
LDAs achieve drug concentrations 100-fold higher than systemic dosing within the pocket while minimizing systemic exposure, side effects, and resistance risks.
Which host modulatory agent approved by the FDA specifically targets the chronic inflammatory component of periodontitis by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis?
Answer: Ibuprofen (systemic NSAID therapy)
Systemic NSAIDs such as ibuprofen reduce alveolar bone loss in periodontitis by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-mediated prostaglandin E2 synthesis, though long-term use has significant side effects.
What is the primary clinical concern when prescribing tetracyclines to a pregnant periodontal patient?
Answer: Fetal tooth discoloration and impaired bone development
Tetracyclines are absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy because they bind calcium in developing fetal teeth and bones, causing permanent yellow-brown staining and inhibited skeletal growth.