Practice Test Geeks(ABP) American Board of Periodontology Practice Test
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ABP Pharmacology and Antimicrobials Flashcards

6 cards from real ABP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A patient on long-term phenytoin therapy presents with generalized gingival enlargement. What is the primary pharmacological mechanism causing this condition?

    Answer: Fibroblast proliferation and decreased collagen degradation

    Phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement results from fibroblast overstimulation and reduced collagenase activity, leading to excessive collagen accumulation.

  2. Which calcium channel blocker is most frequently associated with drug-influenced gingival enlargement?

    Answer: Nifedipine

    Nifedipine has the highest reported prevalence of drug-influenced gingival enlargement among calcium channel blockers, affecting up to 20% of users.

  3. In patients taking warfarin, what INR range is generally considered acceptable for routine periodontal surgical procedures?

    Answer: INR 2.0–3.0 with local hemostatic measures

    Current evidence supports performing routine periodontal surgery in anticoagulated patients with INR up to 3.0 using local hemostatic measures without altering anticoagulation.

  4. Which bisphosphonate route of administration carries the highest risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in periodontal patients?

    Answer: Intravenous zoledronic acid

    Intravenous bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid used in oncology have dramatically higher MRONJ risk than oral bisphosphonates due to greater bioavailability and potency.

  5. Metronidazole is contraindicated with which commonly prescribed cardiovascular medication due to risk of a disulfiram-like reaction and potentiation of anticoagulation?

    Answer: Warfarin

    Metronidazole inhibits CYP2C9, increasing warfarin plasma levels and risk of bleeding, and can also cause a disulfiram-like reaction if alcohol is consumed.

  6. What is the recommended duration of systemic metronidazole (500 mg) plus amoxicillin (500 mg) adjunctive therapy for generalized aggressive periodontitis according to most clinical protocols?

    Answer: 7–8 days

    The most studied and commonly recommended protocol is 500 mg of each antibiotic three times daily for 7–8 days, coinciding with or immediately after full-mouth debridement.