ABO Binocular Vision & Strabismus 3

Question 1

The AC/A ratio expresses the relationship between:

Accepted Answer

The amplitude of accommodation and the degree of convergence per diopter of accommodation

Answer

Astigmatic correction and contrast acuity

Answer

Amblyopia classification and color discrimination

Answer

Accommodation lag and convergence reserve

Question 2

Microtropia (monofixation syndrome) is best characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A small-angle tropia with peripheral binocular fusion and central suppression scotoma

Answer

A large-angle tropia with constant diplopia

Answer

Complete absence of fixation in the deviating eye

Answer

Full bifoveal fusion with normal stereopsis

Question 3

A hypertropia is defined as a vertical deviation in which the deviating eye turns:

Accepted Answer

Upward

Answer

Inward

Answer

Outward

Answer

Downward

Question 4

The Bielschowsky head tilt test is a critical diagnostic maneuver for identifying palsy of which cranial nerve?

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerve IV (trochlear)

Answer

Cranial nerve III (oculomotor)

Answer

Cranial nerve VI (abducens)

Answer

Cranial nerve II (optic)

Question 5

The primary purpose of a suppression scotoma in a patient with constant strabismus is to:

Accepted Answer

Eliminate diplopia by inhibiting the image from the deviating eye's fovea

Answer

Correct the underlying refractive error

Answer

Improve contrast sensitivity in the fixing eye

Answer

Increase the amplitude of accommodation

Question 6

Measuring the near point of convergence (NPC) is performed primarily to evaluate:

Accepted Answer

The maximum convergence ability of the eyes

Answer

Distance visual acuity

Answer

Vergence facility at different spatial frequencies

Answer

Stereoacuity threshold in arc seconds

Question 7

A patient whose exophoria is significantly greater at distance than at near most likely has which binocular vision condition?

Accepted Answer

Divergence excess (or simulated divergence excess)

Answer

Convergence insufficiency

Answer

Basic exophoria

Answer

Convergence excess