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Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Flashcards

7 cards from real ABO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics flashcards as text

  1. According to the AAO 2016 guidance, what is the recommended maximum daily hydroxychloroquine dose to limit retinal toxicity?

    Answer: 5.0 mg/kg real body weight

    The AAO recommends no more than 5.0 mg/kg of real body weight per day, with baseline and then annual screening starting after 5 years.

  2. A patient on tuberculosis treatment develops bilateral central scotomas and red-green dyschromatopsia. Which drug is most likely responsible?

    Answer: Ethambutol

    Ethambutol causes a dose-related toxic optic neuropathy with central or cecocentral scotomas and color vision loss.

  3. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome is most strongly associated with which systemic medication?

    Answer: Tamsulosin

    Tamsulosin selectively blocks alpha-1A receptors in the iris dilator, which causes iris billowing, prolapse, and progressive miosis during cataract surgery.

  4. What is the appropriate management of bilateral acute angle closure from topiramate-induced ciliochoroidal effusion?

    Answer: Stop topiramate and use cycloplegics with aqueous suppressants

    Angle closure from anterior rotation of the ciliary body is treated by stopping the drug, using cycloplegia, and suppressing aqueous; iridotomy and miotics do not help.

  5. In a patient on amiodarone, which ocular finding most strongly calls for considering drug discontinuation with the cardiologist?

    Answer: Optic neuropathy with disc edema

    Vortex keratopathy is almost universal and benign, but amiodarone-associated optic neuropathy can threaten vision and needs a discussion about stopping the drug.

  6. How does aflibercept work?

    Answer: It is a fusion-protein decoy receptor that binds VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and PlGF

    Aflibercept fuses VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 binding domains to an IgG1 Fc, so it traps VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and placental growth factor.

  7. Which intravitreal anti-VEGF agent has been associated with retinal vasculitis and retinal vascular occlusion?

    Answer: Brolucizumab

    Post-marketing reports linked brolucizumab to intraocular inflammation with occlusive retinal vasculitis.