Ocular Oncology Flashcards
7 cards from real ABO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Ocular Oncology flashcards as text
What is the first-line treatment approach for bilateral retinoblastoma in modern practice?
Answer: Systemic chemoreduction followed by focal consolidation
Modern treatment for bilateral retinoblastoma uses systemic chemoreduction (carboplatin, vincristine, etoposide) followed by focal consolidation (laser, cryotherapy) to achieve globe salvage while avoiding radiation-related secondary malignancies.
The DecisionDx-UM gene expression profiling (GEP) test classifies uveal melanoma into which prognostic classes?
Answer: Class 1A, Class 1B, and Class 2
The DecisionDx-UM GEP test classifies uveal melanoma into Class 1A (lowest metastatic risk), Class 1B (low-to-intermediate risk), and Class 2 (highest metastatic risk, ~72% 5-year metastasis rate).
Sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid is associated with which hereditary syndrome?
Answer: Muir-Torre syndrome
Muir-Torre syndrome, caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2), is associated with sebaceous neoplasms of the eyelid and concurrent or subsequent internal visceral malignancies.
What is the most common form of intraocular malignancy overall, including secondary tumors?
Answer: Choroidal metastases
Choroidal metastases are the most common intraocular malignancy overall, with breast and lung cancer being the most frequent primary sources, reflecting hematogenous spread to the highly vascular choroid.
Which ocular tumor is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children?
Answer: Retinoblastoma
Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children, occurring in approximately 1 in 15,000-20,000 live births and arising from primitive retinal precursor cells.
Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) for retinoblastoma is delivered directly into which artery?
Answer: Ophthalmic artery
IAC involves superselective catheterization of the ophthalmic artery via femoral artery approach to deliver high local chemotherapy concentrations (melphalan, topotecan) while minimizing systemic toxicity.
Which ocular tumor is associated with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease?
Answer: Retinal capillary hemangioma (hemangioblastoma)
VHL disease (caused by VHL gene mutations) is associated with retinal capillary hemangiomas (hemangioblastomas) that can cause exudative retinal detachment and vision loss if untreated.