Cornea and External Disease Flashcards

Which topical agent is commonly used as medical monotherapy for ocular surface squamous neoplasia?

Answer: Topical interferon alfa-2b

Topical interferon alfa-2b, 5-fluorouracil, and mitomycin C are effective chemotherapeutic options for OSSN.

Whorl-like (vortex) epithelial corneal deposits in a patient with no symptoms are most associated with which systemic medication?

Answer: Amiodarone

Amiodarone often causes vortex keratopathy, which rarely affects vision and seldom requires stopping the drug.

In Wilson disease, the Kayser-Fleischer ring is caused by copper deposition in which corneal layer?

Answer: Descemet membrane

Kayser-Fleischer rings form from copper deposited in peripheral Descemet membrane, often seen first at the superior cornea.

A child with nephropathic cystinosis has photophobia from crystalline corneal deposits. What is the appropriate topical treatment?

Answer: Topical cysteamine

Topical cysteamine dissolves corneal cystine crystals, which oral cysteamine does not effectively clear.

What is the most important first step in managing an alkali chemical injury to the eye?

Answer: Immediate copious irrigation until the pH is neutral

Immediate, prolonged irrigation to reach a neutral pH of about 7 limits the stromal penetration of alkali and the damage to limbal stem cells.

In acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis with ocular involvement, which early intervention reduces long-term ocular surface scarring?

Answer: Early amniotic membrane transplantation to the lids and ocular surface

Amniotic membrane applied in the acute phase lowers the risk of chronic cicatricial ocular complications.

A boy with seasonal itching, giant cobblestone papillae on the upper tarsus, and a sterile oval superior corneal ulcer most likely has which condition?

Answer: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis with a shield ulcer

Shield ulcers, cobblestone papillae, and Horner-Trantas dots are classic features of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in young males.