Quality Control & Process Improvement Flashcards
7 cards from real ABFM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Quality Control & Process Improvement flashcards as text
A forensic DNA laboratory's proficiency test result is reported as 'inconclusive' when the correct answer is a full inclusion. This error type is classified as:
Answer: False negative
Reporting 'inconclusive' instead of inclusion is a false negative because the correct association was missed.
Which ISO/IEC 17025 clause specifically addresses the handling of nonconforming work in testing laboratories?
Answer: Clause 7.10 (Nonconforming work)
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Clause 7.10 requires laboratories to have a procedure for identifying, managing, and disposing of nonconforming work.
In measurement uncertainty estimation, the 'Type B' evaluation of uncertainty is based on:
Answer: Information from calibration certificates, literature, or expert judgment
Type B uncertainty uses non-statistical information such as manufacturer specifications, calibration data, or published reference values.
A forensic laboratory implements a corrective action but the same nonconformance recurs six months later. The MOST likely root cause analysis failure was:
Answer: Failure to address the true root cause
Recurrence of a nonconformance indicates the corrective action addressed symptoms rather than the underlying systemic root cause.
Which tool visually displays the frequency distribution of data to reveal the shape of a process distribution?
Answer: Histogram
A histogram groups data into intervals and displays the frequency of each interval, revealing distribution shape such as normality or skewness.
In forensic pathology quality management, a 'sentinel event' is defined as:
Answer: An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious harm requiring immediate investigation
Sentinel events are serious, unexpected adverse outcomes that trigger mandatory root cause analysis and system improvement.
When performing a Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility (Gauge R&R) study, 'reproducibility' measures variation due to:
Answer: Different operators measuring the same part
Reproducibility captures the variation introduced when different operators use the same measurement system on the same parts.