Practice and Application Flashcards
7 cards from real ABFM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Practice and Application flashcards as text
A 65-year-old woman with osteoporosis has a T-score of -2.7 at the spine. She has no prior fractures. In addition to calcium and vitamin D, which medication is first-line for fracture prevention?
Answer: Alendronate (bisphosphonate)
Bisphosphonates such as alendronate are the preferred first-line pharmacologic treatment for osteoporosis to reduce fracture risk.
A physician notices a pattern of frequent ED visits among her diabetic patients. She forms a care team to conduct monthly phone check-ins and medication reconciliation. This is an example of:
Answer: Proactive chronic disease management using team-based care
Proactive outreach and team-based monitoring for high-risk chronic disease patients is a core practice improvement strategy to reduce preventable ED use.
A 55-year-old man with no prior cardiac history develops new-onset heart failure with EF of 35%. Which medication class has been shown to reduce mortality in this setting?
Answer: Beta-blockers (e.g., carvedilol, metoprolol succinate)
Beta-blockers such as carvedilol and metoprolol succinate are proven to reduce mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
Which of the following elements is essential when documenting informed consent in a family medicine practice?
Answer: Discussion of diagnosis, proposed treatment, risks, benefits, and alternatives
Valid informed consent requires documentation of the discussed diagnosis, proposed intervention, material risks, benefits, and available alternatives.
A 22-year-old sexually active woman presents for her annual visit. She has never had a Pap smear. Per current USPSTF guidelines, when should her first cervical cancer screening occur?
Answer: At age 21, so she is already overdue and should be screened today
USPSTF guidelines recommend cervical cancer screening starting at age 21 with cytology alone every 3 years, regardless of sexual activity.
A family physician is implementing a quality improvement project using the PDSA cycle. Which phase involves assessing whether the change achieved the desired outcome?
Answer: Study
The 'Study' phase of the PDSA cycle involves analyzing data collected during the 'Do' phase to determine if the change produced the intended improvement.
A 50-year-old man is found to have hepatitis C infection on routine screening. He is asymptomatic. What is the recommended treatment approach?
Answer: Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy regardless of fibrosis stage
Current guidelines recommend DAA therapy for all patients with chronic hepatitis C infection regardless of fibrosis stage due to high cure rates and minimal side effects.