ABFAS Pharmacology Fundamentals 3

Question 1

A patient with a penicillin allergy (mild rash) requires antibiotic coverage for a gram-positive foot wound infection. Which is the safest alternative?

Accepted Answer

Clindamycin

Answer

Clindamycin is a lincosamide with no cross-reactivity with beta-lactams and provides excellent gram-positive coverage for skin and soft tissue infections.

Question 2

Which pharmacokinetic parameter describes the fraction of an administered drug that reaches systemic circulation unchanged?

Accepted Answer

Bioavailability

Answer

Bioavailability (F) quantifies the proportion of an administered dose that reaches systemic circulation and is influenced by absorption and first-pass metabolism.

Question 3

Which antifungal agent is used topically for onychomycosis prophylaxis and works by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Terbinafine

Answer

Terbinafine inhibits squalene epoxidase, blocking ergosterol biosynthesis and is the topical/oral agent of choice for dermatophyte-caused onychomycosis.

Question 4

A patient taking metformin undergoes a procedure requiring IV contrast. Why should metformin be held perioperatively?

Accepted Answer

Contrast nephropathy can reduce metformin clearance, increasing lactic acidosis risk

Answer

Contrast-induced nephropathy reduces renal clearance of metformin, causing accumulation and increasing the risk of potentially fatal lactic acidosis.

Question 5

Which corticosteroid preparation has the longest duration of action and is preferred for intra-articular injections in foot joints?

Accepted Answer

Triamcinolone acetonide

Answer

Triamcinolone acetonide is an insoluble depot corticosteroid providing 4-6 weeks of intra-articular effect, making it the preferred agent for joint injections.

(ABFAS) American Board of Foot and Ankle Surgery Practice Test

(ABFAS) American Board of Foot and Ankle Surgery Practice Test

ABFAS Pharmacology Fundamentals 3