Practice Test Geeks(ABFAS) American Board of Foot and Ankle Surgery Practice Test
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Pharmacology Fundamentals Flashcards

7 cards from real ABFAS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Pharmacology Fundamentals flashcards as text

  1. A patient with a penicillin allergy (mild rash) requires antibiotic coverage for a gram-positive foot wound infection. Which is the safest alternative?

    Answer: Clindamycin

    Clindamycin is a lincosamide with no cross-reactivity with beta-lactams and provides excellent gram-positive coverage for skin and soft tissue infections.

  2. Which pharmacokinetic parameter describes the fraction of an administered drug that reaches systemic circulation unchanged?

    Answer: Bioavailability

    Bioavailability (F) quantifies the proportion of an administered dose that reaches systemic circulation and is influenced by absorption and first-pass metabolism.

  3. Which antifungal agent is used topically for onychomycosis prophylaxis and works by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis?

    Answer: Terbinafine

    Terbinafine inhibits squalene epoxidase, blocking ergosterol biosynthesis and is the topical/oral agent of choice for dermatophyte-caused onychomycosis.

  4. A patient taking metformin undergoes a procedure requiring IV contrast. Why should metformin be held perioperatively?

    Answer: Contrast nephropathy can reduce metformin clearance, increasing lactic acidosis risk

    Contrast-induced nephropathy reduces renal clearance of metformin, causing accumulation and increasing the risk of potentially fatal lactic acidosis.

  5. Which corticosteroid preparation has the longest duration of action and is preferred for intra-articular injections in foot joints?

    Answer: Triamcinolone acetonide

    Triamcinolone acetonide is an insoluble depot corticosteroid providing 4-6 weeks of intra-articular effect, making it the preferred agent for joint injections.

  6. What is the maximum safe dose of lidocaine WITHOUT epinephrine for infiltration anesthesia in a 70 kg adult?

    Answer: 300 mg

    The maximum dose of plain lidocaine is 4.5 mg/kg, equating to approximately 300 mg for a 70 kg adult, to minimize systemic toxicity risk.

  7. Which drug class reduces postoperative opioid consumption through a multimodal analgesia approach by inhibiting central and peripheral COX enzymes?

    Answer: NSAIDs

    NSAIDs reduce prostaglandin synthesis centrally and peripherally, demonstrating a significant opioid-sparing effect as part of multimodal postoperative analgesia.