Practice Test Geeks(ABE) American Board of Endodontics Practice Test
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Regenerative Endodontics Flashcards

7 cards from real ABE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which of the following is the PRIMARY goal of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) in immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps?

    Answer: Continued root development and thickening of dentinal walls

    The primary goal of REPs is to allow continued root development (increased root length and wall thickness) in immature teeth, ideally restoring a functional pulp-dentin complex.

  2. According to the AAE clinical considerations for REPs, which irrigant should be used CAUTIOUSLY or avoided at full concentration in immature teeth because it can damage Hertwig's epithelial root sheath and stem cells?

    Answer: Sodium hypochlorite at concentrations above 1.5%

    Sodium hypochlorite at concentrations greater than 1.5% can be cytotoxic to stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAP) and Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, so concentrations ≤1.5% are recommended.

  3. What is the significance of EDTA in the final irrigation step of a regenerative endodontic procedure?

    Answer: It releases growth factors from dentin and promotes stem cell differentiation

    EDTA demineralizes the dentin surface and releases bioactive molecules such as TGF-β, FGF, and BMP, which promote stem cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation.

  4. Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) used in regenerative endodontics is classically composed of which three antibiotics?

    Answer: Metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline

    The classic TAP formulation consists of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline, first described by Hoshino et al. to disinfect infected root canals.

  5. Which intracanal medicament for REPs is preferred over triple antibiotic paste when tooth discoloration is a primary concern?

    Answer: Double antibiotic paste (metronidazole + ciprofloxacin)

    Double antibiotic paste (metronidazole + ciprofloxacin, without minocycline) eliminates the tetracycline-class drug responsible for intrinsic crown discoloration while retaining broad-spectrum antibacterial activity.

  6. During a regenerative procedure, a blood clot is induced by over-instrumenting the periapical tissue. What is the role of the blood clot scaffold?

    Answer: It serves as a fibrin scaffold for stem cell migration and tissue ingrowth

    The blood clot provides a fibrin scaffold rich in growth factors (PDGF, TGF-β, VEGF) that supports migration, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla.

  7. Following a successful regenerative endodontic procedure, which radiographic finding would indicate a FAVORABLE outcome in an immature tooth?

    Answer: Increased root length and widening of dentinal walls with periapical healing

    A truly favorable REP outcome demonstrates continued root development — increased root length and thickening of canal walls — along with resolution of periapical pathology.