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Emergency and Urgent Care Flashcards

6 cards from real AANP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Emergency and Urgent Care flashcards as text

  1. A patient presents with sudden-onset severe headache described as 'the worst headache of my life.' What must be immediately ruled out?

    Answer: Subarachnoid hemorrhage

    A thunderclap headache (sudden, severe, worst of life) is subarachnoid hemorrhage until proven otherwise; immediate non-contrast CT head is required.

  2. A patient with known COPD presents with increased dyspnea, productive cough, and wheezing. Oxygen saturation is 88%. What is the appropriate oxygen target?

    Answer: Maintain SpO2 at 88–92%

    In COPD exacerbations, oxygen should be titrated to maintain SpO2 at 88–92% to relieve hypoxemia without suppressing the hypoxic respiratory drive and causing hypercapnia.

  3. A patient presents with sudden dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and hypoxia after a long flight. Which test is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?

    Answer: CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA)

    CT pulmonary angiography is the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary embolism, directly visualizing clots in the pulmonary vasculature.

  4. A patient presents with sudden-onset unilateral weakness, facial droop, and slurred speech that resolved in 30 minutes. This presentation is most consistent with:

    Answer: Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

    TIA presents with sudden-onset focal neurological deficits that resolve within 24 hours (typically minutes) and requires urgent evaluation for stroke prevention.

  5. Which ECG finding indicates ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) requiring emergent intervention?

    Answer: New ST elevation ≥1 mm in two contiguous leads

    STEMI is defined by new ST elevation ≥1 mm in two or more contiguous leads (or ≥2 mm in V1–V3), indicating transmural ischemia requiring emergent PCI or thrombolytics.

  6. A patient is found unresponsive with agonal breathing. What is the FIRST action per current AHA guidelines?

    Answer: Call for help and begin high-quality CPR

    Current AHA guidelines prioritize calling for emergency assistance and initiating high-quality chest compressions immediately for an unresponsive patient with absent or abnormal breathing.